Chemia

• What are alkanes classified as?

  Węglowodory nasycone
• What is the general formula for alkanes?


  C_nH_2n+2
• What are the characteristics of alkanes?

  • Wszystkie atomy węgla i wodoru są pojedyncze (C-C, C-H).
  • Każdy atom węgla jest maksymalnie nasycony wodorem.
  • Uzarastający hierarchicznie atomy węgla.
  • Kolejne człony szeregu mają analogiczną budowę.
• How do physical properties change among alkanes?


  They change systematically, e.g., boiling point and melting point.
• What is the state of matter for alkanes based on the number of carbon atoms?


  • 1 to 4 carbon atoms: gas
  • 5 to 16 carbon atoms: liquid
  • More than 17 carbon atoms: solid
• How does the boiling point and melting point of alkanes change?


  They increase with the number of carbon atoms.
• Why are alkanes not soluble in water?


  Because they are nonpolar compounds.
• In what do alkanes dissolve?


  In nonpolar solvents.
• What is the density of alkanes compared to water?


  It is less than the density of water.
• How does the density of alkanes change with the length of the carbon chain?


  It increases with the increase in carbon chain length.
• What is the electrical conductivity of alkanes?


  They are insulators and do not conduct electricity.
• Why do alkanes not conduct electricity?


  Because they do not contain free electrons.