Ways of Working

• Full Time Working - when a person works for more than 35 hours a week
• Advantages of full time working:

  • worker is permanently available
  • worker gets paid a full working week's income
• Disadvantages of full time working:

  • may have to pay worker at a time when no needed work to be done
  • worker is tied to a full working week
• Part Time Working - when a person works for less than 35 hours a week
• Advantages of Part Time - FOR THE WORKER:

  • suits people with family needs
  • suits semi-retired workers who don't want full week
  • suits students who want to earn while studying
• Advantages of Part Time - FOR THE BUSINESS:

  • experienced workers who don't want to work full-time can still contribute
  • more choice when recuiting
  • respond to demand - employing more staff in peak hours
  • reduce overtime costs
• Disadvantages of Part Time - FOR THE WORKER:

  • lower income for worker
  • no certain income if no fixed hours
  • inconvenient hours
• Disadvantages of Part Time - FOR THE BUSINESS:

  • recruitment & training costs may be higher if more people used than if full time
  • time consuming for managers as more to look after
• Flexible Working - practice of people working partly at their place of work and partly elsewhere, prehaps at home or while mobile
• Ways of Flexible Working:

  • Working flexi-time
  • Working from home
  • Shift working
  • Zero-hours contracts
• Advantages of Flexible Working - FOR THE WORKER:

  • Suits people with family commitments
  • Enjoy freedom
  • Save time & money by not travelling
• Disadvantages of Flexible Working - FOR THE WORKER:

  • Miss social side of working with others
  • May not be offered as much work as wanted
• Advantages of Flexible Working - FOR THE BUSINESS:

  • Job sharing retains experienced workers
  • Save costs by needing office or storage space
  • Benefit of increased worker productivity who enjoy working at home
• Disadvantages of Flexible Working - FOR THE BUSINESS:

  • Communications may be worse as less regular meetings
  • More supervision to ensure working well
  • Workers aren't available when needed
• Temperary Working - when a person only works for a short period of time for an employer sometimes on a short-term basis or sometimes on a day to day basis as needed
• Temporary workers may be given a fixed term contract or may be called of when needed. It is common in seasonal industries.
• Advantages of Temporary Working:

  • Only employed when demand and saves paying during less busy times
  • Only employed for needed length of time
  • Workers can work and earn money for a period of time and have time for other things e.g long holidays
• Disadvantages of Temporary Working:

  • Difficult to recruit at needed time due to shortages especially those with skills
  • Business doesn't have time to train workers
  • Workers may find times of year without work
• Working from home - workers are now able to work from home by contacting employers, colleagues or clients by telephones, emails or video conferencing
• Hybrid working - when people work part of their time at home and part of their time in an office or other workplace
• Advantages of Working from Home - FOR THE BUSINESS:

  • Workers can work longer due to no travel time
  • Workers more motivated because of freedom
  • Work better at home if their are fewer distractions
  • Save costs with less office space
  • Workers don't need to live locally opening up recruitment opportunitites
• Disadvantages of Working from Home - FOR THE BUSINESS:

  • Workers unable to exchange ideas
  • Workers produce less due to a lack of discipline
  • Train workers on how to use technology
  • Less efficient workers if distractions
  • Business may need to buy new technology
• Advantages of Working from Home - FOR THE WORKER:

  • Freedom of working
  • Save money from travel costs
  • Less stress due to no travelling
• Disadvantages of Working from Home - FOR THE WORKER:

  • Miss social side of working with others
  • Bills higher as at home all day
• Working while mobile - when people work when they are on the move, travelling, or on holiday
• Advantages of Working while Mobile:

  • Improves worker productivity as able to do more work in employed time
  • Flexibility of working
  • Continue to work while travelling making full use of time
• Working while home reduces business costs and improves the competitiveness of the business.
• Self-employement - When people work as their own business, selling their work to buyers who may be consumers or other business
• Most self-employed people are sole traders
• Self-Employment - FOR THE WORKER:

  • Like to be own boss
  • Lose employment rights like holiday pay, sick pay or pension
  • Longer hours
• Self-Employment - FOR THE BUSINESS:

  • Reduce costs as only pays for work done
  • No costs of employment rights
  • Highly motivated and will work hard
  • Less likely take days off
  • Worker may not work in prefered way