digital technology

• What is the difference between data and information?


  Data consists of raw facts, while information is data processed to have meaning.
• How does an information system process data?


  An information system processes data and produces information.
• What is a product number example given in the study material?


  62351
• What does the product number 62351 represent in the context of the study material?


  It represents an 8Tb hard drive when given meaning.
• In what format do computers store data?


  In digital binary format.
• What is a BIT?


  A BIT has a value of 0 or 1 and is the smallest unit of computer storage.
• How many bits are in a nibble?


  4 bits.
• How many bits are in a byte?


  8 bits.
• What is 1 kilobyte (Kb) in bytes?


  1024 bytes.
• What is 1 megabyte (Mb) in kilobytes?


  1024 kilobytes.
• What is 1 gigabyte (Gb) in megabytes?


  1024 megabytes.
• What is 1 terabyte (Tb) in gigabytes?


  1024 gigabytes.
• What are the two main types of data types mentioned?

  Numeric and Date/Time.
• What is a numeric data type?


  It includes whole numbers (integers) and real numbers with decimal parts.
• How is a long date displayed?

  As Sunday, April 1, 2018.
• What is the format for a medium date?


  Displayed as dd-mmm-yyyy, e.g., 1-Apr-2018.
• How is a short date displayed?

  As dd/mm/yyyy, e.g., 01/04/2018.
• What is the long time format?

  Displayed as HH:MM:SS, e.g., 13:26:34.
• How is medium time displayed?

  As HH:MM PM/AM, e.g., 01:26 PM.
• What is the short time format?

  Displayed as HH:MM, e.g., 13:26.
• What is a string in data types?


  A string is textual data in the form of a sequence of characters.
• What is ASCII?


  ASCII is a character set where each character is represented uniquely by a single byte.
• What is a pixel?


  A pixel is the smallest unit of a digital image that can be displayed and edited.
• How does image resolution affect file size?


  The greater the resolution, the greater the file size.
• How many bits does a typical JPEG image use to store a pixel?


  24 bits.
• What do bitmap graphics store?


  Bitmap graphics store details about every individual pixel of the image.
• What is a common mistake regarding bitmap graphics?


  Bitmap images can be compressed, which reduces the file size.
• What do vector-based graphics store?


  Vector-based graphics store information about the components that make up an image.
• What is streaming in the context of video?


  Streaming allows a video to be viewed on a website without a time delay.
• What is a buffer in video streaming?


  A buffer is part of the memory used to store a downloaded part of the video before watching it.
• How does buffering help during video playback?


  Buffering helps prevent possible disruptions if there are time delays in streaming.
• What factors affect sound quality in digital audio?

  Sample rate, bit depth, and bit rate.
• What is the sample rate in sound quality?


  The number of audio sound samples captured per second.
• What is bit depth in sound quality?


  The number of bits used for each sound sample.
• What is bit rate in sound quality?


  The quantity of data measured in bits that is processed in a given amount of time.
• What is an analogue signal?


  An analogue signal is a continuous varying signal that represents a physical quantity.
• What does an analogue to digital converter (ADC) do?


  An ADC samples a signal at regular time intervals and converts it to digital format.
• What is data portability?


  Data portability is the ability to transfer data from one computer to another without re-entering it.
• What enables data portability?


  Using a range of file formats.
• What does JPEG stand for?


  Joint Photographic Expert Group.