LEA1

• What is the origin of the word "police"?


  It originated from the Greek word POLITEIA.
• How did the Romans modify the word "police"?

  They modified it to POLITIA, adopting its meaning.
• What does the Middle-French word "PORICE" mean?


  "Public order assured by the State."
• When was the term "police" established in the English language?


  In 1798 when the Marine Police was established.
• What are the main functions of the police?


  Preserve peace and order, detect crime, and execute laws.
• What are the fundamental theories of police service?

  1. The Continental Theory: Police officers are servants of higher authorities.
  2. The Home Rule Theory: Policemen are servants of the community.
• What does the Old Concept of police service focus on?


  It focuses more on arrests.
• What is the Modern Concept of police service?


  It emphasizes the absence of crime.
• What are the objectives of the police?


  1. Ensure order in the community.
  2. Protect lives and limbs of community members.
  3. Safeguard citizens' properties.
  4. Assist other government offices.
• What is crime prevention?


  It is the elimination or reduction of the desire to commit a crime.
• What does crime control entail?


  It involves the control or neutralization of criminal activity.
• What is meant by regulations or control of non-criminal conduct?


  It refers to enforcing rules, regulations, and ordinances.
• What are the three general categories of police activities?

  1. Primary, Line, or Operation Functions: Patrol, traffic control, criminal investigation, juvenile and vice control.
  2. Secondary, Auxiliary, or Service Functions: Transportation, communication, property supply, records, laboratory, jail maintenance, identification.
  3. Administrative or Managerial Functions: Personnel, intelligence, inspection, planning, budgeting, training, public relations.
• What is the concept of organization in law enforcement?


  It is a coordinated social entity with identifiable boundaries functioning continuously to achieve common goals.
• What is an organizational chart?


  A graphic view of the organization's general structure and work relationships.
• What are the uses of an organizational chart?


  1. Understand command relationships.
  2. Better understand roles and positions.
  3. Serve as a training aid for personnel.
• What is organizational structure?


  It refers to the relationships between various workers, workgroups, and functions within an organization.
• What are the types of organizational structures in law enforcement?

  1. Line/Military: Oldest and simplest form.
  2. Line and Staff: Provides advice and assistance.
  3. Functional: Delegates management authority outside normal control.
  4. Matrix: Assigns personnel from functional areas.
• What are the principles of organization applicable to law enforcement?

  1. Division of Work: Apportioning tasks among units.
  2. Delineation of Responsibility: Clear lines of authority.
  3. Span of Control: Extent of direction over subordinates.
  4. Unity of Command: One person in control.
  5. Chain of Command: Line of superiors from top to bottom.
  6. Delegation of Authority: Division of command tasks.
  7. Integration and Coordination: Harmonizing efforts of different units.
  8. Command Responsibility: Commander is responsible for subordinates' actions.
  9. Principle of Hierarchy: Higher levels supervise lower levels.
• What is police administration?


  It is the general managing and organizing at the highest levels of an organization.
• What is police management?


  It is the act of administering, controlling, or conducting a police unit or organization.
• What are the roles of police administrators?


  1. Planning: Analyzing strategy and correlating details.
  2. Organizing: Structuring workgroups for communication.
  3. Staffing: Managing personnel and training.
  4. Directing: Ordering and instructing subordinates.
  5. Coordinating: Harmonizing activities with other units.
  6. Reporting: Keeping superiors informed.
• What are the attributes of a good leader in police administration?

  1. Effective time management.
  2. Delegation of non-essential tasks.
  3. Result-oriented focus.
  4. Knowledge of personal and team strengths.
  5. Concentration on key areas for outstanding results.
  6. Effective decision-making skills.
• What is the root word of "discipline"?


  It is derived from the word "Disciple," meaning "follower or student."
• What are the forms of positive discipline?


  1. Formal training.
  2. On-the-job training.
  3. Corrective interviews.
  4. Counseling.
• What are the forms of negative discipline?


  1. Oral reprimand or warning.
  2. Written reprimand.
  3. Loss of assignment.
  4. Loss of accrued time.
• What is the role of a police supervisor?


  A supervisor sets goals for performance and organizes workflow.
• What are the basic responsibilities of a police supervisor?


  1. Direction.
  2. Creation of a suitable working climate.
  3. Employee development.
  4. Self-development.
• What is police leadership?


  It is influencing people to work harmoniously toward a desirable goal.
• What are the leadership styles in police organizations?

  1. Autocratic: One-man decision-making.
  2. Democratic: Involves group discussion and consultation.
  3. Free-Rein: Minimal involvement in group activities.
  4. Laissez-faire: Productivity and morale suffer due to lack of direction.
• How do police organizations differ from other organizations?


  They possess legitimate arrest power and authority within society.
• What is the nature of public organizations?


  They exist within a political environment and provide services instead of goods.
• What challenges do public organizations face?


  They have limited, inflexible resources and must answer to diverse citizens.
• What are the characteristics of police services compared to manufacturing sectors?


  1. Provides an intangible product.
  2. Built-in flexibility for service needs.
  3. Higher degree of customer participation.
  4. Distinguished by timing.
  5. Labor-intensive.
• What is budgeting in law enforcement?


  It is the process of fiscal planning, accounting, and control for resource allocation.
• What are the management levels in law enforcement organizations?

  1. Administrators (Chief, Assistant Chief, Majors).
  2. Commanders or mid-level managers (Captains, Lieutenants).
  3. Supervisors (Sergeants).
• How are management roles in law enforcement changing?


  Managers are no longer considered solely taskmasters focused on work.
• What is the "Hot-Stove Rule" in discipline?


  • Proposed by Douglas McGregor.
  • Disciplinary action should be immediate, with a warning, consistent, and impersonal.
• What are the steps in applying the "Hot-Stove Rule"?


  1. Immediate investigation of the offense.
  2. Previous warning.
  3. Consistency in action.
  4. Impersonal disciplinary action.
• What are citizen's complaints in the PNP disciplinary system?


  • Formal charge initiated by a representative or guardian.
  • Due to injury, damage, or disturbance from a PNP member's act or omission.