Kinship, marriage and the household

• Is a social institution that refers to the relations formed between members of society. It explains the nature and reason for the formation of the different types of bonds that exist within society.

  Kinship
• Sociologist define kinship as the different for of socially accepted relation among people
• Kinship by blood

  1. consanguineal kinship
  2. descent
  3. linage
• Principles of Descent

  1. unilineal descent
  2. bilateral descent
• Types of unilineal descent

  1. patrilineal
  2. matrilineal
• Bilateral Descent is also called Nonunilineal descent
• Kinship by marriage

  1. affinal kinship
  2. marriage across culture
• The relationship from which descent is traced, recognized as biological relationships between people in the society

  Kinship by blood
• Also called kinship based on blood is considered as the most basic and general form of relations


  Consanguineal kinship
• The relationship is achieved by birth or blood affinity

  Consanguineal kinship
• Is an important key concept. It refers to a biological relationship. societies recognize that children descent for parents and that there exist a biological relationship between parents and offspring

  Descent
• Refers to the line where one's descent is traced. An individual's descent can be traced by studying either the person's paternal or maternal line


  Lineage
• Descent is usually traced by most societies through a single line of ancestors from the male or female line

  Unilineal descent
• both male and females belong to the kin group of their father but do not belong their mother's kin group

  Patrilineal descent
• both males and females belong to the kin group of their mother but do not belong to their father's kin group

  Matrilineal descent
• Some societies trace their descent through the study of both parent's ancestors

  Bilateral descent
• Also referred to as kinship by marriage refers to the type of relations developed when a marriage occurs.


  Affinal kinship
• Different societies have different sets of culture practices, norms and rules pertaining to marriage. Culture across societies have developed traditions, customs, rules, and norms that determine how marriage will be done.

  Marriage across culture
• Prohibition of sexual relations between certain close relatives

  Incest taboo
• Endogamy or compulsory marriage in their own village, community, ethnic, social or religious group
• Exogamy or out-marriage, refers to marriage custom where individual is required by societies to marry outside of their own group
• Monogamy came from the Greek word monos and gamos which means "one union". It refers to the marriage or sexual partnering custom or practice where an individual has only one male or female partner or mate
• Polygamy refers tot he practice of having more than one partner or sexual mate
• A man with multiple female partner or mates

  polygyny
• A woman has multiple male partner or mates

  Polyandry
• The encyclopedia britannica defines it as being the marriage of several men with several women

  Group marriage
• Woman marries one of the brothers of deceased husband

  Levirate
• Man marries the sister of deceased wife

  socorate
• child of a father's brother or mother's sister

  parallel cousins
• child of a mother's brother or father's sister

  cross cousins
• Basic residential unit where economic, consumption, inheritance and child rearing are organized and carried out

  Household
• one or two parents and dependent offspring

  nuclear family
• two or more related nuclear families clustered together

  Extended family
• It applies to opposite sex and same sex couples. If you and your partner share home, and are not married

  Cohabitation
• Someone who is unmarried, widowed or divorced and not remarried

  single parent
• The cultural norms, or common ways of life, related to where couples locate upon marriage, particularly when it comes to their dependence on and proximity to their families of origin

  Residence patterns