SAQs

• Why might fat mass or muscle mass matter, in themselves?


  because they impact strength, metabolism, energy storage, and overall health.
• What are some reasons that weight control is NOT the major benefit of exercise for health?

  Exercise benefits include improved cardiovascular health, mental well-being, and reduced risk of chronic diseases, not just weight control.
• If I stop exercise will my muscle turn to fat?


  Muscle doesn’t turn into fat if you stop exercising, but muscle can decrease, and fat may accumulate if diet is unchanged.
• Does localised loss of fat occur with localized exercise? Aka, ‘spot reduction’?


  No, spot reduction is a myth; you can’t target fat loss in specific areas through exercise.
• What effect do high levels of fat within muscle have on obesity and fitness?

  High levels of fat in muscle are linked to reduced muscle function and increased risk of metabolic diseases.
• What are some reasons you can’t look at someone and decide their body composition (much less their health)?


  You can’t judge body composition or health by appearance alone, as internal factors like muscle to fat ratio are not always visible.
• Exercise Science is composed of several subdisciplines, list 3 and potential applications.


  Nutrition, Biomechanics, and Sports Tech.
• What is the difference betweenn PA and Exercise?


  PA refers to any bodily movement done by skeletal muscles that requires energy expenditure, while exercise is a structured, voluntary activity undertaken to improve health and fitness.
• Provide Positive and Negative Aspects of WHO’s PA guidelines.


  Positive: PA provides significant health benefits, such as managing non-communicable diseases (NCDs).
• Disused muscle tissue does not turn into fat, but what are two paradoxes associated with how muscle and fat interact?

  Muscle weighs more than fat, but takes up less space. Muscle loss can lead to fat gain due to decreased metabolism.
• Explain why it seems easier lifting on calf raise machine?


  Due to mechanical advantages such as reduced muscle fatigue or leverage.
• List 3 evolutionary adaptations of the human body that allow us to excel for endurance running in the heat.


  Efficient sweating mechanisms, limb structurer, and thermoregulation capabilities in humans.
• • What are two muscle characteristics that influence power production?

  Force and velocity

  
• How is it possible for cyclist to decrease the amount of time it takes to ride up a mountain without changing the net force they generate?

  Either: increased speed (reduced air resistance) or increased power (gears)

  
• Chris is a 67 year old with prediabetes. The task is to recommend two exercise modalities:


  Walking is a low impact that can help gradually increase his cardiovascular fitness and Resistance training like light weightlifting which can help build muscle strength.
• Cons for HR Monitors.


  may not give precise measurements for energy use in all types of exercise.
• Pros and Cons for Smart Phones:


  pros: offer a mixed of data like HR, steps, temperature, and GPS.

  cons: its acuracy can depend on the placement of the device - may not accurately measure exercise intensity.