Sea defences

• What is the focus of part two of the coastal environments videos?


  Coastal management strategies
• What did part one of the coastal environments videos cover?


  Coastal processes, characteristics, and landforms
• What are the two main types of coastal management strategies?

  • Hard engineering
  • Soft engineering
• What is the difference between hard engineering and soft engineering strategies?


  Hard engineering uses artificial structures, while soft engineering uses environmentally friendly strategies
• What does managed retreat involve in coastal management?


  It uses a combination of hard and soft engineering strategies to control erosion
• What are the four main types of hard engineering strategies?


  1. Sea walls
  2. Rock armor
  3. Gabions
  4. Groins
• What is the purpose of sea walls in coastal management?


  To provide a hard barrier against the sea and protect towns
• How long do gabions typically last?


  About five to ten years
• What is the main function of groins in coastal management?


  To reduce the effects of longshore drift
• What are some examples of soft engineering strategies?


  • Beach nourishment
  • Dune regeneration
  • Dune fencing
• What does beach nourishment involve?


  Replenishing sand and shingle onto the beach
• How does dune regeneration help coastal management?


  It involves planting marine grass and fences to maintain dunes
• What is the goal of managed retreat in coastal management?


  To allow natural processes to take place in a controlled manner
• What was created as a result of the controlled breach in the Medmerry managed retreat case study?


  A large salt marsh that serves as a buffer
• What is a key feature of the Lyme Regis case study?


  It has been developing coastal management strategies for years
• What are some positives and negatives of the coastal management strategies in Lyme Regis?


  Positives:

  • Increase in tourism
  • More protection for the harbour

  
  

  Negatives:

  • Increased traffic congestion
  • Potential spoiling of natural beauty
• What is the purpose of the links provided in the video description?


  To offer further information on coastal management strategies
• What will the next video in the series cover?

  River environments
• What are the two main types of coastal management strategies discussed?

  Hard engineering and soft engineering
• What is the primary purpose of hard engineering in coastal management?


  To control the flow of the sea and reduce flooding and erosion
• How does soft engineering differ from hard engineering?


  Soft engineering uses knowledge of the sea and its processes to reduce flooding and erosion
• What is a seawall and its purpose?


  • A man-made structure built at the coastline
  • Protects cliffs, land, and buildings from erosion
  • Prevents coastal flooding
• What are the disadvantages of building a seawall?


  It is expensive to build and requires high maintenance costs
• How do curved seawalls affect wave energy?


  They reflect wave energy back onto the sea, maintaining wave power over time
• What are groins and their function?


  • Wooden barriers built at right angles to the beach
  • Prevent the movement of beach material (Longshore drift)
  • Allow beach buildup
• What is a disadvantage of groins?


  They can be seen as unattractive and are costly to build and maintain
• What is rock armor and its purpose?


  • Large boulders piled on the beach
  • Absorb wave energy
  • Allow beach buildup
• What are the disadvantages of using rock armor?


  They can be expensive to obtain and transport
• What is beach nourishment?


  • Replaces beach or cliff material lost to erosion or Longshore drift
  • Provides natural defense against erosion and flooding
  • Acts as a tourist attraction
• What is a key advantage of beach nourishment?


  It is relatively inexpensive compared to other methods
• What is managed retreat in coastal management?


  Allowing areas of the coast to erode and flood naturally
• What are the advantages of managed retreat?


  Encourages natural beach and salt marsh development at a low cost
• What is a disadvantage of managed retreat?


  People need to be compensated for loss of buildings and farmland
• What is the purpose of the video mentioned in the study material?

  • To explain hard and soft engineering in coastal management
  • Discuss various strategies like seawalls, groins, and beach nourishment
  • Encourage viewers to subscribe for more educational content