2b

• What is the concept of development in the 21st Century?


  Development consists of essentials like access to clean water and electricity, services, and opportunities.
• How can development be measured?

  Development can be measured using various indicators depending on one's perspective.
• If you believe wealth is important for development, which indicators would you use?


  You would use economic indicators to measure development.
• What are economic indicators?

  Economic indicators are metrics used to assess a country's economic performance.
• What does GNI per capita represent?


  GNI per capita is the total money earned by people and businesses in a country divided by the population.
• What is the poverty line?


  The poverty line is defined as the number of people earning less than $1.90 per day.
• What percentage of the UK population earns less than $1.90 per day?


  0.2% of the UK population earns less than $1.90 per day.
• What does life expectancy measure?


  Life expectancy estimates how long a person will live based on current health services and risks.
• What is the literacy rate indicative of?


  The literacy rate indicates the quality of education and correlates to economic output.
• Why is the infant mortality rate important?


  The infant mortality rate reflects the quality of healthcare and the vulnerability of infants in society.
• What are some examples of social indicators?


  • Access to safe water
  • Birth rates
  • Death rates
  • Ratio of people per doctor
• What do pollution levels indicate about a country?

  Pollution levels indicate how wasteful a country is and its technological efficiency.
• What does the area of woodland or green space reflect?


  The area of woodland or green space reflects a country's environmental attitude and livability.
• How has technology changed the measurement of development?


  Technology has changed the way we measure development by providing new tools and methods.
• What does the Human Development Index (HDI) measure?


  HDI measures a mixture of factors including income, education, and life expectancy.
• What is the range of the Human Development Index score?


  The HDI score ranges from 0 to 1, where 1 is the most developed country.
• Which country has the highest HDI score?


  Norway has the highest HDI score of 0.953.
• Which country has the lowest HDI score?

  Niger has the lowest HDI score of 0.354.
• What are the reasons for trends in the top 5 countries on the HDI?


  • Large economies and advancing technology
  • Well-structured cities with strong infrastructure
  • Free education systems with opportunities for further education
• What does the Demographic Transition Model describe?


  The Demographic Transition Model describes how population changes as a country develops.
• What are the four stages of the Demographic Transition Model?


  1. Stage 1 - Small Population
  2. Stage 2 - Hospitals
  3. Stage 3 - Baby Rate
  4. Stage 4 - Large Population
• What characterizes Stage 1 of the Demographic Transition Model?


  Stage 1 has a small population due to high death rates and limited health services.
• What happens in Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition Model?


  In Stage 2, the death rate decreases as the government invests in hospitals and healthcare.
• What occurs in Stage 3 of the Demographic Transition Model?


  In Stage 3, families earn more money and decide to have more children, increasing the population.
• What is characteristic of Stage 4 of the Demographic Transition Model?


  Stage 4 has a large population with low birth and death rates.
• What are some exceptions to the Demographic Transition Model?


  Exceptions include countries like the UAE or those affected by conflict or natural disasters.
• How can global inequality be characterized?


  Global inequality can be characterized by the division between developed and developing countries.
• What is the Brandt Line?


  The Brandt Line divides the world into developed and developing countries.
• Why is education important for development?

  Education is crucial for economic development and job opportunities.
• How does health impact development?


  Limited healthcare can lead to poorer health outcomes for low-income families.
• What historical factors contribute to inequality?


  Countries ruled by others in the past may have smaller economies due to exploitation.
• How does climate affect a country's resources?


  Climate influences the availability of resources for trade and agriculture.
• What are the benefits of regular rainfall for a country?


  Regular rainfall allows for fresh water collection and reduces water-borne diseases.
• How do temperate climates benefit agriculture?


  Temperate climates allow for successful crop growth and food exports.
• What challenges do countries near the Equator face?


  Countries near the Equator often suffer from droughts and soil erosion, leading to crop failures.
• How does a country's climate influence its development?


  A country's climate can affect its agricultural productivity and resource availability, impacting development.
• What can the population collect to drink?

  Fresh rainfall
• How does regular rainfall affect water-borne diseases?


  Countries with regular rainfall tend to suffer less from water-borne diseases
• What can a country do with excess rainfall?


  A country could store and sell the excess water to a neighbouring country
• What is the benefit of temperate climates for agriculture?


  Countries with temperate climates tend to grow crops very well