digital technology

• What is the primary function of an information system?


  It processes data and produces information.
• How is data defined in the context of information systems?

  Data consists of raw facts and figures with no meaning attached.
• What transforms data into information?


  Processing data for a given meaning transforms it into information.
• What is an example of data provided in the study material?


  Product number 62351.
• How does the meaning of data change when it is processed?


  When data is processed, it gains meaning and becomes information.
• In what format do computers store data?


  In digital binary format.
• What is a BIT?


  A BIT has a value of 0 or 1 and is the smallest unit of computer storage.
• How many bits are in a nibble?


  4 bits.
• How many bits are in a byte?


  8 bits.
• What is 1 kilobyte (Kb) equal to in bytes?


  1024 bytes.
• How many kilobytes are in 1 megabyte (Mb)?


  1024 kilobytes.
• How many megabytes are in 1 gigabyte (Gb)?


  1024 megabytes.
• How many gigabytes are in 1 terabyte (Tb)?


  1024 gigabytes.
• What are the different data types mentioned in the study material?

  • Numeric: Integer and real numbers.
  • Date/Time: Long, medium, and short formats.
  • String: A sequence of characters represented by ASCII.
• What is a pixel in the context of digital images?


  A pixel is the smallest unit of a digital image that can be displayed and edited.
• How does image resolution affect file size?


  The greater the resolution, the greater the file size.
• How many bits does a typical JPEG image use to store a pixel?


  24 bits.
• What is the difference between bitmap graphics and vector-based graphics?


  • Bitmap graphics store details about every individual pixel.
  • Vector-based graphics store information about components based on mathematical objects.
• What is the purpose of streaming a video?


  Streaming allows a video to be viewed on a website without a time delay.
• What role does a buffer play in video streaming?


  A buffer stores a downloaded part of the video before it is watched.
• What is the sample rate in sound representation?


  The sample rate is the number of audio sound samples captured per second.
• What is bit depth in sound representation?


  Bit depth is the number of bits used for each sound sample.
• What is bit rate in sound representation?


  Bit rate is the quantity of data measured in bits processed in a given amount of time.
• What is an analogue signal?


  An analogue signal is a continuous varying signal that represents a physical quantity.
• What does an analogue to digital converter (ADC) do?


  An ADC samples a signal at regular time intervals and converts it to digital format.
• What is data portability?


  Data portability is the ability to transfer data from one computer or software application to another without re-entering it.
• What are the two main types of data compression?


  • Lossy compression: Reduces file size by removing some data (e.g., JPEG).
  • Lossless compression: Maintains quality with no data loss (e.g., WinZip).
• Why is data compression important for websites?


  It allows for fast image and audio download speeds.
• What is the purpose of lossy compression?


  Lossy compression reduces file size by removing some data.
• What is an example of lossless compression?


  WinZip.
• What is the function of the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)?


  MPEG is a set of standards for compressing digital video.
• What is the purpose of buffering in video streaming?


  Buffering helps prevent possible disruptions if there are time delays in streaming.
• What is the difference between bitmap and vector graphics?


  Bitmap graphics store details about every individual pixel, while vector graphics store information about components based on mathematical objects.
• Why is it important to understand the difference between vector-based and bitmap graphics?


  It is important for knowing how to use different graphics file formats effectively.
• What is the significance of understanding data compression?


  Understanding data compression is crucial for managing file sizes and ensuring efficient data transfer.
• What is the main benefit of lossless compression?


  Lossless compression maintains the quality of the file with no data loss.
• What is the main disadvantage of lossy compression?


  Lossy compression can result in a small reduction in the quality of an image.
• What does the acronym GIF stand for?


  Graphics Interchange Format.
• What does JPEG stand for?


  Joint Photographic Experts Group
• What does PNG stand for?


  Portable Network Graphics