Memory

• What is the central control center of the working memory called?

  Central executive
• What is the primary function of the central executive in working memory?


  It controls the information entering and leaving the working memory.
• What are the three sub-systems of working memory?


  • Phonological loop
  • Visuospatial sketchpad
  • Episodic buffer
• What does the phonological loop deal with?


  Auditory information from the senses.
• How does the phonological loop assist in sports?


  It processes auditory information like a coach's instructions.
• What are the two components of the phonological loop?


  Phonological store and articulatory system.
• What is the role of the visuospatial sketchpad?


  It temporarily stores visual and spatial information.
• How does the visuospatial sketchpad help a gymnast?


  It processes information about the flight of the gymnast during a vault.
• What are the two sections of the visuospatial sketchpad?


  Visual cache and inner scribe.
• What does the episodic buffer do?


  It coordinates the work of the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad into sequences.
• How does the episodic buffer contribute to skilled actions?


  It produces integrated sequences of sight, sound, and movements for long-term memory.
• What is the function of long-term memory (LTM)?


  It facilitates long-term storage capacity for motor programmes.
• How does working memory interact with long-term memory?


  It sends coded information for future storage and use.
• What is a memory trace?


  A mental snapshot of the skill being used.
• How does selective attention function in working memory?


  It filters out irrelevant information from the sporting environment.
• What is the time limit for information storage in working memory?


  About 30 seconds.
• What is the capacity of long-term memory?


  It has a large capacity and can store information for a very long time.
• How can past experiences influence current performance in sports?

  Past experiences can be recalled and used to inform current actions.
• What strategies can help store information in long-term memory?

  • Rewards (extrinsic and intrinsic)
  • Association with emotions
  • Mental practice of skills
  • Breaking tasks into parts (chunking)
• What is chunking in memory systems?


  Breaking the skill down into parts or sub-routines.
• How does mental practice aid memory?


  It helps to store information by imagining the skill without physical movement.
• How can chunking be applied in team sports?


  By learning a set move in parts until it is secured in long-term memory.
• Why is breaking a task into parts beneficial for memory retention?


  It prevents information overload and allows for focused learning of each aspect.
• What is the significance of recalling past performances in sports?


  It helps to reinforce successful actions and improve future performance.
• How does association help in memory retention?


  It links stored actions of a skill to planned sequences or other actions.
• How can a coach use rewards to enhance memory in athletes?

  By motivating performers to remember correct actions through extrinsic and intrinsic rewards.
• How do the memory systems work together in sports performance?


  They help decide on the best response based on past experiences and current information.