cell cycle

• What are the four phases of the cell cycle

  G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase, M phase
• What occurs during the G1 phase of the cell cycle?


  • Main time of growth
  • New organelles and membranes are made
  • High metabolic activity and protein synthesis
  • Lasts around 10 hours in rapidly dividing cells
  • Length depends on need for new cells and growth factors
• What is checked at the Interphase G1 checkpoint?


  Cell size, nutrients, growth factors, and DNA damage
• What happens if the Interphase G1 checkpoint is passed?


  The cell will enter the S phase
• What occurs during the S phase of interphase?


  • DNA replication
  • DNA repair
  • Centrosome duplication
  • Lasts around 7 hours
• What is the purpose of the G2 phase in the cell cycle?


  • Preparation for cell division
  • More growth
  • Lasts around 5 hours
• What is checked at the Interphase G2 checkpoint?


  Cell size, DNA replication without error, and DNA damage
• What happens if the Interphase G2 checkpoint is passed?


  The cell will begin mitosis
• What is the significance of cytokinesis in the cell cycle?


  • Final step of cell division
  • Cytoplasm divides to form two daughter cells
  • Occurs after mitosis
• What is the duration of the mitotic phase?


  It lasts around 2 hours
• What is the cell cycle 


  Sequence of events that results in two genetically identical diploid daughter cells
• What are the two phases of the cell cycle

  Interphase

  Mitotic phase
• What are checkpoint in the cell cycle


  Control mechanisms they monitor and verify whether the cell can go onto the next phase
• What is the checkpoint in mitosis called where all chromosomes should be attached to spindles and aligned along the equator


  Spindle assembly
• what is cancer


  A group of diseases caused by the uncontrolled division of cells