radioactivity-P7

• What is beta decay?


  A type of radioactive decay where a beta particle is emitted
• What is gamma decay?


  A type of radioactive decay that emits gamma rays
• What is Rutherefords Scattering?

  A phenomenon related to the scattering of particles
• What can damage DNA?

  Radiation can damage DNA
• What is the half-life of $^{14}C$?


  5,700 years
• If a sample of carbon has an initial activity of 1000, what is its activity after 16,800 years?


  125
• What are the characteristics of isotopes used in the body?


  • Type of radiation emitted
  • Low energy level to limit damage to cells/DNA
  • High penetration power for detection outside the body
  • Relatively short half-life
  • Changes into a stable product
• What is fission in nuclear reactions?


  Fission is the splitting of a large nucleus into smaller nuclei
• What can fission lead to?


  Fission can lead to chain reactions
• What are daughter nuclei in fission?


  Daughter nuclei are the smaller nuclei produced from fission
• What are examples of daughter nuclei produced in fission?

  Kr - 81 and $^{90}Sr$
• What type of radiation is emitted during fission?


  Gamma rays
• How does fusion occur?

  Fusion occurs when smaller nuclei fuse together to make a larger nucleus
• What happens to some mass during fusion?


  Some mass is converted into energy
• What is a substance that has been exposed to radiation called?

  Radioactive material
• What is the significance of handling radioactive materials safely?


  To prevent exposure to harmful radiation
• What should be used to handle radioactive materials safely?


  Thick materials and tongs
• What is the importance of using thick materials when handling radioactive samples?


  Thick materials shield against radiation