Cards (21)

  • When did prison become a common punishment?
    In the 19th century
  • What were the two main views of prison in the 19th century?
    Prison was viewed as a chance to rehabilitate criminals and punish them
  • What was one of the punishments prisoners had to endure?
    Walking on a treadwheel for eight hours a day
  • What did some prison reformers believe should be the main purpose of prisons?
    Rehabilitation
  • Who published 'The State of Prisons in England and Wales'?
    John Howard
  • What recommendations did John Howard make in his book?
    Clean food and water, useful work, Christian teaching, and timely release
  • What did Elizabeth Fry do after visiting Newgate Prison in 1813?
    Organised education for prisoners and led sewing and Bible classes
  • When were the Bow Street Runners founded?
    In 1748
  • What was the original composition of the Bow Street Runners?
    Volunteers and former thief takers
  • How did the Bow Street Runners innovate policing?
    They focused on gathering information about criminals
  • What was the public's concern regarding a permanent professional police force?
    It would restrict personal freedoms and privacy
  • When was the Metropolitan Police founded?
    In 1829
  • What was the main emphasis of the Metropolitan Police?
    Deterring criminals by regularly patrolling the streets
  • What uniform did the Metropolitan Police wear?
    Blue overcoats and top hats
  • What did the 1856 Police Act require?
    All parts of the country to have a police force
  • When were the National Crime Records set up?
    In 1869
  • How did new technology help police forces after 1869?
    Telegraphs allowed quick sharing of information about suspects
  • What was established at Scotland Yard?
    A regular detective agency
  • When was the Criminal Investigations Department (CID) set up?
    In 1878
  • How many detectives were employed by the CID in 1878?
    200 detectives
  • What significant event occurred in 1902 regarding fingerprint evidence?
    The CID secured a conviction using fingerprint evidence for the first time