Intro to Trauma

• Forensic Trauma Types

  
• Causes of Trauma

  • Acute: this is the major cause (e.g. accident, violence, amputation, gunshot, bomb)
  • Stress: usually caused by a strenuous, repetitive activity (e.g. seen amongst athletes, football players, ballet dancers etc.)
  • Pathological: bone weakened or deformed (e.g. osteoporosis, rickets, metastases)
  • Congenital (e.g. dislocations, spondylolysis)
• Methods of direct measurement of biomechanical properties of bone

  • Experimental replication (in vivo analyses)
  • Strain gauges (force plates, loading cells etc)
  • Direct measurement of stress and strain: Mass, Displacement (including 3-point loading)
  • Histomorphometry (micro CT quantitative analysis)
  • Finite element modelling(FEM): Multibody modelling studies