Cell Division

• What is cell division by mitosis?

  body cells divide to form two identical daughter cells
• What is the term for cell division in bacteria?

  Binary fission
• What are the 3 stages of the cell cycle?

  1. Interphase
  2. Mitosis
  3. Cytokinesis
• What are the 4 stages of mitosis?

  1. Prophase
  2. Metaphase
  3. Anaphase
  4. Telophase
• How many times is PMAT done in Mitosis?

  once
• How many times is PMAT done in meiosis?

  twice
• What is Cell Division necessary for?

  The growth & development of an organism and the repair of damaged tissues.
• Why is the cell cycle in embryos very short?

  Cells divide rapidly to form a new organism
• Why is the cell cycle in adults slow?

  Maintenance
• Which cells in an adult continue to divide rapidly?

  hair follicles, skin, blood and the lining of the digestive system
• What is the longest stage in the cell cycle?

  Stage 1
• What happens in Stage 1 of the cell cycle? (3)

  • cells grow bigger
  • DNA replicates (chromosomes are duplicated)
  • increase in number of sub-cellular structures (e.g. ribosomes & mitochondria)
• What happens in Stage 2 of the cell cycle? (2)

  Mitosis:

  • A complete set of chromosomes is pulled to each end of the cell
  • The nucleus divides to form 2 nuclei
• What happens in Stage 3 of the cell cycle?

  Cytoplasm & cell membrane divide to form two identical daughter cells
• What do chromosomes contain?

  genes (made of DNA)
• How many chromosomes do human body cells have?

  23 pairs
• How are offspring produced through asexual reproduction?

  mitosis from the parent cell (cloning)
• In optimum temperature and nutrients, how often can bacteria multiply?

  every 20 minutes