Controlling fertility

• Which hormones can be taken to prevent the release of a mature egg?

  Oestrogen as it inhibits the production of FSH, progesterone can also reduce fertility as it creates a thick mucus the sperm can't swim through
• Name 4 methods of contraception.

  Contraceptive patch, contraceptive implant, contraceptive injection and an IUD
• Name 4 barrier methods to stop fertilisation.


  Condoms, female condoms, diaphragm and spermicide
• Where is a female condom used?


  They are worn inside the vagina
• What is a diaphragm?


  A shallow plastic cup that fits over the cervix, it has to be used with a spermicide
• What is a spermicide?


  A substance that disables or kills the sperm
• Which hormones can be used to increase fertility?

  FSH and LH
• Name 3 drastic methods to avoid pregnancy.

  Sterilisation, tracking the menstrual cycle and abstinence
• What is sterilisation?


  The cutting or tying of the fallopian tubes or sperm ducts
• How can IVF help couples have children?


  The eggs are collected and fertilised in the lab using the man's sperm, the embryo is transferred back into the woman to improve the chance of pregnancy
• What is a pro of IVF?

  It can give a couple who can't get pregnant naturally the chance to have children
• What are 3 cons of IVF?


  Multiple births can happen if more than one embryo grows, the success rate is low, it is emotionally stressful with strong symptoms in response to the hormones
• Why is IVF not always popular?


  It could be classed as unethical if the embryos are destroyed because they have the potential of human life, it can also lead to preferred characteristics