Group IVB and Group VB

• What subgroup does Titanium belong to?

  Group IVB (Titanium Subgroup)
• Name three elements in the Titanium Subgroup.

  Titanium, Zirconium, Hafnium
• What type of character do the elements in Group IVB exhibit?

  Transitional in character
• What oxidation states do the elements in Group IVB exhibit?

  +2, +3, and +4
• How do the color properties of compounds vary with oxidation states in Group IVB?

  Tetravalent compounds are typically colorless, while +3 and +2 oxidation states tend to be colored.
• What is the 10th most abundant element in the Earth’s crust?


  Titanium (Ti)
• What is the chemical formula for Titanium Dioxide?

  TiO₂
• What are the uses of Titanium Dioxide (TiO₂)?


  • White pigment in paints, coatings, and plastics
  • Chemically inert, resistant to corrosion and degradation
  • Found in sunscreens for UV protection
• Why are Zirconium and Hafnium challenging to prepare in pure state?

  Due to their strong affinity for elements like carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
• What subgroup does Vanadium belong to?

  Group VB (Vanadium Subgroup)
• What oxidation states do the elements in Group VB exhibit?

  +2 and +5
• What behavior does Vanadium exhibit at the +5 oxidation state?

  Amphoteric behavior
• What is a characteristic of compounds in the +2 oxidation state of Group VB elements?

  They are typically colored.
• What are the typical characteristics of transition metals exhibited by elements in Group VB?

  They are strong reducing agents.
• What are the applications of Tantalum in the medical field?


  • Used in corrosion-resistant applications
  • Examples include screen plates, wires, and pins
  • Remains non-reactive inside the body