Perthes disease

• What is Perthes disease?


  Vascular necrosis of capital femoral epiphysis of femoral head due to disruption in blood supply​
• What is the cause of Perthes disease?


  Idiopathic
• What are some risk factors for Perthes disease?


  Family history

  HIV

  Thrombophilias

  Hypofibrinolysis

  Obesity

  Short stature
• What sex is Perthes disease more common in?


  Boys
• What are some investigations for Perthes disease?


  Bloods

  X-ray

  Technetium bone scan

  MRI
• What would an x-ray show for early Perthes disease?


  Joint space widening

  Crescent sign
• What would an x-ray show for late Perthes disease?


  Flattening, fragmentation and healing (sclerosis) f femoral head
• What are some signs and symptoms of Perthes disease?


  Limp

  Pain (worse with activity)

  Decreased ROM and stiffness in hip
• How is Perthes disease managed?


  Cast / braces (keep femoral head within the acetabulum)

  Severe = Surgery

  <6yrs: Observation

  Older: Surgical management