digestion and enzymes

• Where does digestion start in the human body?


  In the mouth
• What is the role of salivary glands in digestion?


  They produce amylase enzyme to help break down food
• What acid is found in the stomach that aids digestion?

  Hydrochloric acid
• Why is hydrochloric acid important in the stomach?


  It provides the right pH for pepsin enzyme to function
• What is absorbed in the small intestine?


  Food molecules into the blood
• Which enzymes are produced in the small intestine?


  Protease, amylase, and lipase
• What organ produces bile?


  The liver
• What is the function of bile in digestion?


  It emulsifies fats
• Where is bile stored in the body?


  In the gallbladder
• What does the pancreas produce that aids in digestion?


  Protease, amylase, and lipase
• What is the role of the large intestine in digestion?

  It absorbs excess water from food
• What is stored in the rectum before being expelled?


  Faeces
• what is an enzyme


  a biological catalyst that speeds up a reaction
• lock and key theory

  substrate binds to active site

  shape of active site and substrate are complementary

  chemical reaaction occurs to produce small molecules
• breakdown of protein

  amino acids
• breakdown of lipids

  fatty acids and glycerol
• breakdown of starch

  simple sugars
• What is a substrate?


  a substance on where enzymes act