Chemistry

    Cards (140)

    • What is the technique used to separate mixtures?
      Distillation
    • What is the main difference between evaporation and distillation?
      Distillation separates by vapor and liquid
    • What does filtration separate?
      Insoluble substances from a liquid
    • How does distillation work?
      Heats solution and collects condensed vapor
    • What is chromatography used for?
      Separating mixtures by solubility
    • What are the differences between compounds, elements, and mixtures?
      • Element: One type of atom
      • Compound: Two or more elements chemically joined
      • Mixture: Two or more substances not chemically joined
    • What is an element?
      A substance made of one type of atom
    • What is a compound?
      Two or more elements chemically joined
    • What is a mixture?
      Two or more substances not chemically joined
    • What is the nucleus of an atom?
      The dense center of an atom
    • What are subatomic particles?
      Particles that make up an atom
    • What is the atomic number?
      The number of protons in an atom
    • What are the key discoveries about the atom by historical figures?
      • Democritus: Matter made of indivisible particles
      • John Dalton: Atoms are identical for elements
      • Ernest Rutherford: Atom has a positive nucleus
      • Niels Bohr: Electrons orbit the nucleus
      • James Chadwick: Existence of neutrons
    • What did Niels Bohr discover about electrons?
      Electrons move in specific orbits
    • What is an isotope?
      Atoms with the same protons, different neutrons
    • How is relative atomic mass calculated?
      Adding neutrons and protons
    • What is the electron arrangement in an atom?
      • 1st shell: Holds 2 electrons
      • 2nd shell: Holds 8 electrons
      • 3rd shell: Holds 8 electrons
    • What charge does an electron have?
      Negative charge
    • What is the mass of a proton?
      1
    • What is the mass of a neutron?
      1
    • What is the mass of an electron?
      11840\frac{1}{1840}
    • How do isotopes differ from each other?
      Different numbers of neutrons
    • What happens to atoms during a chemical reaction?
      New substances are created
    • How do compounds differ from mixtures?
      Compounds are chemically joined, mixtures are not
    • What is the charge of a proton?
      Positive charge
    • What is the charge of a neutron?
      No charge
    • What is the charge of an electron?
      Negative charge
    • What is the significance of the atomic structure?
      It determines the properties of elements
    • How do the discoveries of different scientists contribute to atomic theory?
      Each discovery built on previous knowledge
    • What is the mass number of an atom?
      Sum of protons and neutrons
    • How does the arrangement of electrons affect an atom?
      It influences chemical bonding and reactivity
    • What is the significance of the periodic table?
      It organizes elements by atomic number
    • How do mixtures differ from compounds in terms of separation?
      Mixtures can be separated physically
    • What is the role of the nucleus in an atom?
      It contains protons and neutrons
    • What happens to the properties of substances during a chemical change?
      They change to form new substances
    • How do the historical models of the atom reflect scientific progress?
      They show evolving understanding of atomic structure
    • What is the charge of a proton?
      Positive
    • What is the charge of an electron?
      Negative
    • How do isotopes differ in terms of neutrons?
      They have different numbers of neutrons
    • How does the arrangement of electrons affect an atom's reactivity?
      It determines how atoms bond
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