Nucleotides

• What is a nucleotide?

  A monomer that RNA and DNA are made up of
• What are the components of a nucleotide?

  A phosphate group, pentose sugar & nitrogenous base
• What the components of a DNA nucleotide?

  A phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar & a base (adenine, cytosine, guanine & thymine)
• What are the components of a RNA nucleotide?

  Ribose sugar, phosphate group, base (Adenine, cytosine, guanine & uracil)
• What is the difference between ribose and deoxyribose?

  Deoxyribose has one less oxygen than ribose
• What are the two base structures?

  Purines & pyrimidines
• What is a purine structure?

  A double ring base (adenine & guanine)
• What is a pyrimidine structure?


  A single ring base (cytosine, thymine & uracil)
• DNA vs RNA

  A) Deoxyribose

  B) Ribose

  C) Thymine

  D) Uracil

  E) Double stranded

  F) single stranded

  
• How do nucleotides join together?

  The phosphate group of one nucleotide interacts with the pentose sugar of another nucleotide in a condensation reaction
• What bonds do nucleotides form?

  Phosphodiester bonds
• What is the sugar-phosphate backbone?


  A chain of alternating sugars and phosphates from the phosphodiester bonds