Organisation

• Cells


  The basic building blocks of living things
• Tissues


  A group of cells with similar structure and function
• Organs


  Groups of tissues performing particular functions
• Lock and key


  Theory as to how enzymes work
• Digestion breaks down


  Large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble ones
• Active site


  The part of an enzyme the substrate binds to
• Denatured


  When an active site is altered by temperature or pH
• Amylase (carbohydrase)


  Breaks down starch into glucose
• Protease enzymes


  Break down protein into amino acids
• Lipase


  Break down fats into fatty acids and glycerol
• Bile is made in


  Liver and stored in the gall bladder
• Hydrochloric acid


  Released in stomach to create optimum pH for protease
• The role of bile is to


  Neutralise stomach and acid and emulsify fats
• Salivary glands


  Releases amylase
• Stomach


  Releases protease
• Pancreas and small intestine


  Release amylase, lipase and protease
• Small intestine


  Where digested food is absorbed
• Large intestine


  Where water is absorbed
• Villi


  Increase absorption surface of small intestine
• Benedicts test


  Tests for glucose (blue to red)
• Biuret test


  Tests for protein ( blue to purple)
• Iodine


  Tests for starch ( orange to blue/black)
• Right ventricle


  Pumps blood to the lungs
• Left ventricle


  Pumps blood to the body
• Pulmonary artery


  Carries blood from heart to lungs
• Pulmonary vein


  Carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart
• Aorta


  The main artery that carries blood away from the heart
• Coronary arteries


  Supply heart muscle with blood
• Vena cava


  The main vein that carries blood to the heart
• Valves


  Prevent blood from flowing backwards
• Trachea


  The windpipe
• Alveoli


  Where has exchange occurs
• Pacemaker


  A group of cells that control the heartbeat
• Arteries


  Have thick elastic walls
• Capillaries


  Walls are only one cell thick to aid diffusion
• Veins


  Take blood to heart and contain valves
• Plasma


  The liquid part of blood, carries things like glucose
• Red blood cells


  Contain haemoglobin to carry oxygen
• White blood cells


  Part of our immune system
• Platelets


  Bits of broken cells that help blood clot