Defining

• What is a defining relative clause?


  A clause that gives essential information about a person or thing mentioned
• Why can we not leave out defining relative clauses?


  Because they provide necessary information to identify the person or thing
• Which relative pronouns or adverbs are commonly used to start defining relative clauses?


  Who, which, that, whose, when, where
• When do we use 'who' or 'that' in defining relative clauses?


  For referring to people
• When do we use 'which' or 'that' in defining relative clauses?


  For referring to things and animals
• What does 'when' refer to in defining relative clauses?


  It refers to a time
• What does 'where' refer to in defining relative clauses?


  It refers to a place
• What does 'whose' indicate in defining relative clauses?


  It refers to the person that something belongs to
• Can we omit the relative pronoun in defining relative clauses?


  Yes, but only if it is the object of the sentence
• In which cases can we leave out the relative pronoun?


  When it is the object of a sentence
• Complete the sentence: The film ___ we saw last week was awful.


  The film (which/that) we saw last week was awful.
• Complete the sentence: That's the hospital ___ I was born.

  That's the hospital where I was born.
• Complete the sentence: The doctor ___ I usually see doesn't work there anymore.


  The doctor (who/that) I usually see doesn't work there anymore.
• Complete the sentence: The week ___ they were in Edinburgh was lovely and sunny.


  The week when they were in Edinburgh was lovely and sunny.
• Complete the sentence: That's the woman ___ bought my old car.

  That's the woman who/that bought my old car.
• Complete the sentence: He called a plumber ___ he found online.

  He called a plumber (who/that) he found online.
• Complete the sentence: They ate at a restaurant ___ serves only vegan dishes.

  They ate at a restaurant which/that serves only vegan dishes.
• Complete the sentence: The passengers ___ flights were cancelled got a refund.


  The passengers whose flights were cancelled got a refund.
• Complete the sentence: One of the people ___ I admire the most is my father.

  One of the people (who/that) I admire the most is my father.
• Complete the sentence: That's the man ___ daughter is a professional footballer.

  That's the man whose daughter is a professional footballer.
• Complete the sentence: Where's the book ___ Paul lent you?


  Where's the book (which/that) Paul lent you?
• Complete the sentence: I'm looking for something ___ will clean glass.

  I'm looking for something which/that will clean glass.
• Complete the sentence: The day ___ they met was her birthday.


  The day when they met was her birthday.
• Complete the sentence: The park ___ I go running is really peaceful.


  The park where I go running is really peaceful.
• Complete the sentence: That's exactly the information ___ I needed!


  That's exactly the information (which/that) I needed!