Cell cycles, Chromosomes & Mitosis

Cards (20)

  • What is the main focus of the video discussed in the study material?
    The role of chromosomes in cell division
  • Why do multicellular eukaryotic organisms require a continuous supply of new cells?

    For growth, development, and repair
  • What is the process through which new cells are generated called?
    The cell cycle
  • What are the three main stages of the cell cycle?

    1. Growth
    2. DNA replication
    3. Mitosis and division (cytokinesis)
  • What happens during the growth stage of the cell cycle?

    The cell increases in size and the number of subcellular structures
  • What occurs during DNA replication in the cell cycle?

    The DNA is duplicated for the two new cells
  • How does DNA appear when a cell is not dividing?

    It is spread out in long strings
  • What happens to DNA when a cell prepares for division?

    It condenses into chromosomes
  • What do chromosomes contain that control the development of different characteristics?

    Genes
  • How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

    23 pairs
  • Why can't animals of different species reproduce to have fertile offspring?

    They have different numbers of chromosomes
  • What shape do duplicated chromosomes take during cell division?

    An X shape
  • What is the significance of the right and left arms of each chromosome?

    They are duplicates of each other
  • What happens to the chromosomes during cell division?

    They line up along the center of the cell
  • What are the fibers that attach to chromosomes during division called?
    Spindle fibers
  • What occurs when the spindle fibers pull the arms of the chromosomes?

    The chromosomes are separated into two arms
  • What is the final stage of the cell cycle called?
    Cytokinesis
  • What happens during cytokinesis?

    The cell membrane and cytoplasm pull apart to form two daughter cells
  • What is true about the resulting daughter cells after division?

    They have the same DNA and are identical to each other and the parent cell
  • How do daughter cells contribute to an organism after division?

    • They contribute to growth
    • They aid in development
    • They assist in repair
    • They undergo the cell cycle again