humanistic approach

• What does the humanistic approach assume about free will?

  It assumes that we all have free will and are masters of our own development.
• How is self-actualization defined in the humanistic approach?


  Self-actualization is seen as the top level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs and a crucial part of being human.
• What is the significance of having free will in relation to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?


  Having free will allows individuals to progress through the hierarchy of needs and better themselves.
• What does the term 'self' refer to in the context of humanistic psychology?


  The 'self' describes all the ideas and values we have about ourselves, including perceptions of our abilities.
• What is the 'ideal self' in humanistic psychology?


  The 'ideal self' describes our perception of the best version of ourselves.
• What happens when there is a large gap between the self and the ideal self?


  We experience incongruence, leading to negative feelings of low self-worth and low self-esteem.
• What is congruence in the context of self-actualization?


  Congruence occurs when there is little or no gap between the self and the ideal self, allowing progress up the hierarchy.
• How is self-actualization defined in humanistic psychology?


  Self-actualization refers to the innate desire to become the best version of ourselves through personal and psychological growth.
• What are conditions of worth according to Rogers and Maslow?


  Conditions of worth are restrictions placed by adults on the love they show towards children, leading to low self-esteem.
• What is a practical application of Rogers' client-centered therapy?


  It has had a major impact on counselling psychology in the USA and the UK, focusing on developing solutions to current problems.
• What is unique about the humanistic approach in psychology?


  The humanistic approach adopts a holistic perspective, focusing on the individual's subjective experiences as a whole.
• What is the key assumption of the humanistic approach in psychology?


  It assumes that we all have free will and are 'mistresses' and 'masters' of our own development, so we can ignore the influence of internal and external factors on our behaviour.
• What does the humanistic approach see as a crucial part of being human?


  Self-actualisation, as achieved by being the top level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
• According to the humanistic approach, what is the 'self'?


  The 'self' is a term to describe all the ideas and values we have about ourselves, including perceptions of our abilities.
• What is the 'ideal self' according to the humanistic approach?


  The 'ideal self' describes our perception of the best version of ourselves.
• What is 'incongruence' according to the humanistic approach?


  When there is too large a gap between the self and the ideal self, we experience incongruence.
• What is 'congruence' according to the humanistic approach?


  When there is little or no gap between the self and the ideal self, then we have achieved congruence.