Carbohydrates

• Carbohydrates make up around 5% of body mass
• Carbohydrates are a fuel source for immediate energy release via respiration
• Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2:1 always. An example of this is glucose
• Starch are made of large insoluble molecules. They are Polysaccharides
• Sugars are made of small molecules. They are called Monosaccharides
• How do plants store excess carbohydrates?

  Starch
• How do animals store excess carbohydrates?

  Glycogen
• How do you test for Carbohydrates?

  The Iodine test
• What is the Iodine test?

  1. Take a 5ml sample of food
  2. Add a few drops of Iodine-solution
  3. If starch is present it will change from orange-brown to blue-black
• What is the test for glucose?

  The Benedicts test
• What is the Benedicts test?

  1. Set a water bath to 75 degrees centigrade
  2. Take a 5ml sample of food
  3. Add 10 drops of Benedicts solution
  4. Place it in the water bath for 10 minutes
  5. If sugars are present it will change colour from Blue to Green or Yellow depending on the concentration of glucose