Energy

• What is a system ?

  An object or a group of objects
• What is the equation for kinetic energy?

  0.5 x mass x speed ²
• What is the equation for elastic potential energy?

  0.5 x spring constant x extension ²
• What is the equation for gravitational potential energy?

  mass x gravitational field strength x height
• Below is Sankey Diagram. Which of the two energies below is wasted?

  Heat energy

  
• What is Internal Energy?

  The total kinetic and potential energy of the particles in a system
• Name the 3 factors that effect the temperature Increase of a substance?

  1) Mass of substance , 2) energy input , 3) type of substance
• Why does heating a substance cause its particles to move?

  The energy of the particles increases
• What can energy increase cause ?

  Temperature increase or a change of state
• What is the specific heat capacity of a substance?

  The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance 1 degree Celsius
• What is the equation for change in thermal energy?

  Mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change
• What does reproducible mean?

  If another group conducted your experiment, they would get similar results
• What is an anomalous result?

  One that doesn't fit the pattern
• Complete this sentence

  Energy cannot be created or destroyed
• Complete this sentence?

  Energy can be transferred , stored or dissipated
• Define dissipated

  When something is spread out to its surroundings
• What is waste energy caused by?

  unwanted energy transfers
• How can Lubrication reduce energy that is wasted?

  It reduces friction that produces heat energy
• How can tightening loose parts reduce energy that is wasted?

  It prevents vibrations that produce sound energy
• How can thermal Insulation reduce energy that is wasted?


  Thermal insulation reduces heat loss
• How do buildings waste energy?

  By losing heat to their surroundings, causing them to cool down
• What 2 factors effect the rate at which a building cools down?

  The thickness and the thermal conductivity of the building's walls
• A building has thin walls and high thermal conductivity. What does this mean about the buildings cooling rate?

  It will conduct heat quicker , and cool down quickly
• What are the main uses for energy?

  Transport, generating electricity and heating
• Define what renewable energy resources are

  resources that can be replenished
• Define what non-renewable energy resources are?

  resources that will eventually run out
• What can all renewable energy sources be used for?

  Generating electricity
• What are the 7 types of renewable energy resources?

  Solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biofuel , tidal, and wave.
• What are the 4 non-renewable energy resources?

  coal , oil , gas , nuclear fuel
• Aside from generating electricity, what can Solar and Geothermal energy sources also be used for?

  Heating
• Aside from generating electricity, what can Biofuel also be used for?

  Transport
• What are the positive side effects of non renewable energy?

  They have reliable output
• What are the negative side effects of using Biofuel and Hydroelectricity?

  They require large amounts of land
• What are the negative side effects of using Wind, Tidal and Wave energy?

  They have unreliable output - dependant on weather and wave variations
• What are the negative side effects of using Geothermal energy resources?

  Only available in a limited number of places - Areas where hot rocks are close to the surface like Iceland
• What are the negative side effects of using Solar energy resources?

  Expensive and do not work at night - they are dependant on light intensity
• What are the negative side effects of using Coal, Oil and Gas as energy resources?

  Burning these resources produces carbon dioxide - This causes acid rain and environmental damage
• What are the negative side effects of using Nuclear Fuel as an energy resource?

  They produce nuclear waste and are expensive to build