L3

• What is one criticism of Piaget's theory regarding children's abilities?


  Piaget may have underestimated children's abilities.
• How is cognitive development characterized according to criticisms of Piaget's theory?


  Cognitive development isn't an all-or-nothing process.
• What cognitive abilities can infants perceive by 4 months?


  • Depth perception (visual cliff)
  • Understanding of occlusion
• At what age do infants develop support understanding?


  By 6 months.
• What is the "A not B" error linked to in infants?


  It is linked to motor habits.
• What numerical understanding is shown by 6-month-olds?


  They show some number understanding.
• What social cognition abilities do newborns exhibit?


  • Preference for faces
  • Imitate facial expressions by 3 weeks
  • Follow gaze by 9 months
  • Understand goals by 6 months
• At what age do infants begin to imitate facial expressions?


  By 3 weeks.
• When do infants start to follow gaze?


  By 9 months.
• At what age do infants understand goals?

  By 6 months.
• What numerical skills do preschoolers exhibit?

  • Toddlers grasp counting
  • Can conserve numbers in relevant tasks
• How does egocentrism in preschoolers compare to Piaget's suggestion?


  Preschoolers are less egocentric than Piaget suggested, even at 3-4 years old.
• What is the theory of mind in preschoolers?


  It is the early understanding of others’ beliefs, intentions, and preferences.
• At what age do 18-month-olds understand others' likes?


  At 18 months.