psych - cognitive approach

• What areas of human behavior has the this approach investigated that were neglected by behaviorism?


  The cognitive approach
• How do cognitive psychologists interact with people according to the cognitive approach?

  By observing their behavior to understand what is going on in their minds
• What is the purpose of schemas in cognitive psychology?

  To allow us to process lots of information quickly
• what do schemas do?

  It allows us to process lots of information quickly. This prevents us from being overwhelmed by information by providing a mental shortcut.
• How do schemas change as a person gets older?

  They become more detailed and sophisticated
• What negative effect can schemas have on our interpretation of sensory information?

  They may distort our interpretation, leading to errors
• How do schemas contribute to the creation of stereotypes?

  They exclude information that doesn’t conform to prior experience
• What does the theoretical model suggest about behavior?

  It can be described in a series of distinct steps, meaning each component can be studied individually and examined.
• What are the components of the information processing model?

  Input → processing → output
• How is input defined in the information processing model?

  It comes from the environment via the senses and is encoded by the individual
• What happens during the processing stage in the information processing model?

  The information, once encoded, can be processed to produce a behavioral response
• what does the cognitive approach suggest about the mind?

  It suggests the mind is like a computer
• What concepts do computing models in the cognitive approach utilise?

  Central processing unit (the brain and spinal cord), coding (turning it into a useable format) , and stores.
• How has the cognitive approach been useful in the development of AI?


  It has provided insights into how the mind processes information
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the cognitive approach?

  Strengths:

  • Real-life applications (Cognitive neuroscience)
  • Scientific (lab experiments)

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Reductionist (ignores emotions)
  • Lacks ecological validity (artificial stimuli)
• What is meant by ecological validity in the context of cognitive psychology?


  It refers to the extent to which findings can be generalized to real-world settings
• What type of stimuli does cognitive psychology often use in experiments?


  Artificial stimuli