Migration TO Britain

• 410AD-1066


  Anglo-Saxons
• Vikings 


  800AD-1150
• Normans

  1066-1154
• Who were huguenots?


  French protestants facing persecution in france
• Irish potato famine


  1845-52
• Huguenot migration- 1500s-1600s

  • religion- french puritans greatly persecuted in france
  • 1598- edict of nantes gave rights to protestants, BUT in 1685- it was torn up by king louis
  • civil war in france
  • st bartholemews day massacre-1572- 70,000 died
  • protestant monarchs in england welcolmed them into england
• impact of huguenot migration 


  • skilled craftsmen
  • improved industry/ businesses- watch making, glass making, book binding, woodwork
  • 1790- silk weaving introduced
  • created 200 paper mills in britain, they supplied 70% of the market
  • improved economy
  • they were accepted by their religious beliefs
  • many integrated/ married into british culture so ancestry today affected
  • however were blamed for a plague outbreak in london- 1593
• Norman migration- 1066


  • William the conqueror fought to be king after the year of the three kings, he brought many normans with him
  • Norman figures- emma of normandy, william the conqueror, willaim II, henry I, matilda/stephen, henry II, richard lionheart, bad king john
• impact of normans- 


  • monasteries, churches, cathedrals
  • domesday book- governemnt and tax impact
  • feudal system- land for loyalty- created social heirachy
  • incorporated french language- 10,000 words today originate
  • anglo-saxons became 2nd class
  • angevin empire
  • relationship with the church
• viking migration- 790AD


  • economic- capturing and trading slaves, raiding and stealing wealth from monasteries, knew of anglo-saxons wealth
  • land- overcrowding in scandinavia, land for brothers who didn't inheret land, rich farming land in britain
  • culture- fighting was a show of bravery and wanted a place in valhalla
  • technology- expert navigators and shipbuilders/ sailors, so were able to easily transport over to britain
• viking kings


  • forkbeard
  • cnut
  • harefoot
  • harthacnut
• impact of vikings 


  • Danelaw- language, place names, peace/ unification
  • danelgeld- encouraged more viking invasion
  • motte and bailey castles
  • ships amd navigation- navy
  • cnuts north sea empire
  • relationship with church
  • economic- trade routes and centres
  • culture- language, art, beliefs
• first viking rule was in 1013
• Anglo-saxon migration- 410AD


  • raw materials
  • romans left so they were easy targets
  • farming potential of land
  • living space
  • raiding
• impact of anglo-saxons 


  • integrating themselves into british society- ancestry
  • social classes/system which made a stable soiety- different roles such as hunters, farmers, bakers. There were earls, thanes, churls and slaves
  • language
  • education
  • fighters- defence and protection
  • burh towns
  • craftsmen
  • navy
  • english identity
• anglo saxon kings 


  • alfred the great
  • edgar
  • edward the martyr
  • aethelred the unready
  • edmund ironside
  • edward the confessor
• Irish migration


  • 1840s- irish potato famine, 1 million died and millions had to move
  • economic and employment- jobs created through industrial revolution
• impact of irish migration

  • navvies built many roads/motorways, canals, railways
  • worked in cotton mills and mines
  • 40% of army were irish
  • irish culture implemented
  • religious differences
  • blamed for crime
  • disease was common from poor conditions but was blamed on irish
  • accused of taking jobs
• russian and jewish migration- 


  • blamed for the assasination of russian emperor tsar alexander- 1881, anti-semitic laws were intrduced just after that- 1882
  • religious attacks- pogroms, that were commmon, in 1903 kishinev pogrom meant 49 died and 500 injured
• britain and jews 


  • 1290- king edward I expels all jews
  • 1656- let back in
  • 1847- the first practicing jew elected in parliament
  • 1850- number grows to 40,000
  • 1855- first jewish mayor
  • 1870s- influx from russia
  • 1874- benjamin disraeli first jewih prime minister
  • 1905- aliens act, limiting jewish migrants
  • 1891-1914- 120,000 more
• impact of jewish migration


  • lived in overwcrowded disease-ridden areas/conditions
  • hostility between british and jews
  • blamed for taking jobs
  • developed businesses- tesco, m&s
  • skills- shoemaking, furniture, clothes
  • areas- london, glasgow, manchester, leeds
  • ancestry- figures such as lord sugar, daniel radcliffe
• impact of windrush and the carribean immigrants- 1948

  • economic- filled job shortages, working long hours with little pay
  • cultural- influenced music, art, sports, traditions, cuisine, fashion
  • political/social- faced horrible discrimination like the 'colour bar' and newspapers titled 'the colour problem' so groups fought for justice, like the campaign against racial discrimination group (CARD) or the west indian standing conference
  • community- small communities had parties and gatherings, they sometimes arranged groups to raise funds for property