Crime and Punishment

• what was the policing division

  H division
• what are the factors that led whitechapel to be bad

  policing,povety,housing and prostitution
• when was the black act

  1723
• what was the neck verse

  pslam 51:1
• Name 4 trials by ordeal

  Trial by hot iron, hot water, cold water, blessed bread
• What 4 changes to the law did William introduce?

  Forest Law, Murdrum Fine, Trial by Combat and Wergild fines were paid to William and not the victim.
• What year did trial by ordeal end and why?

  Trial by Ordeal ended in 1215 as it led to people questioning the Churches authority.
• Name the medieval policing systems

  Hue and Cry, Tithings, parish constable and sheriffs.
• other than Trial by ordeal how were people trialed in medieval England?

  Trial by Jury and judges (called Justice of the Peace of JPs)
• What was benefit of the Clergy?

  Anyone who could read the neck verse from the bible had the right to be tried in a church court and possibly avoid execution
• What is sanctuary?


  Protection from prosecution for 40 days, after which you were either put on trial or were exiled.
• What punishment did Church courts never use?

  Capital Punishment?
• Give examples of punishment via humiliation?

  Stocks and Pillories.
• What is corporal punishment?

  Punishment via physical harm.
• On balance was the community law enforcement effective?


  Yes
• on balance did the Church help or hinder justice?


  Hinder.
• How much land was privatised through 'forest law?'

  30%
• What is could you read to claim 'benefit of the clergy?'

  Psalm 51 verse 1 (or the neck verse)
• Name four types of policing in the medieval period.

  -Tithings.

  -Hue and Cry.

  -Parish Constables.

  -Sheriffs.
• By the 1700s why did the old policing methods stop working?


  Due to the IndustrialRevolutionandUrbanisationthe population was too large so community policing was no longer effective.
• Who founded the Bow Street Runners?

  The Fielding Brothers.
• What year were the Fielding brothers founded?

  1748.
• What did the Fielding brothers do that helped set an example for the Metropolitan police later on?

  -The investigated crime.

  -Their newspaper the hue and cry gathered information on criminals and crime (a bit like crime watch today).

  -They had a mounted a patrol (on Horse)- this was an early form of specialisation.

  - They were paid, initially by bounty but later by the government- this set a precedent that that the government was responsible for policing.
• What year did Robert Peel establish the Metropolitan Police Force

  1829
• What new standards were set by the introduction of the metropolitan police force?

  - There was a height requirement of 5 foot 7.

  -Officers had to be litereate.
• how many constables were in the met

  895 or 900 rounded
• how many sargens in the met

  88 ~ round to 90
• how many inspectors

  20
• how many superintendents

  8
• what was the police force starter kit

  handcuffs

  wooden rattle
• how many days a week would they work

  7 days
• how did highway robbery decline

  banks were better

  lights on the street

  roads were better

  mounted patrol