Key terms

• Explicit Norms


  Written rules of society
• Implicit Norms


  Rules created by everyday interactions
• IDD


  Intellectual and developmental disability
• Specific phobia


  Most common (spiders, dark, flying)
• Agoraphobia


  Fear of being trapped open spaces
• Social phobia


  Fear of social situations
• Two process model


  Process of classical conditioning followed by operant conditioning
• Classical conditioning


  Fears being acquired when someone associates a neutral stimuli with a fear response.
• Operant conditioning


  Avoiding the phobia reinforces and rewards the phobia by relieving anxiety
• Systematic desensitisation


  Gradually introducing the phobic object/situation, by using relaxation techniques and a hierarchy.
• In Vivo


  In real life
• In Vitro


  Imagination
• Flooding


  Extreme and quick immersion into the phobia (room full of peacocks)