Respiration

• What stages are included in aerobic respiration?

  1. Glycolysis
  2. Link Reaction
  3. Kreb Cycle
  4. Oxidative Phosphorylation
• What stages are included in anaerobic respiration?

  1. Glycolysis
  2. Fermentation.
• Describe Glycolysis

  1. Start of with 6 carbon Glucose
  2. Glucose is phosphorated using 2 ATP molecules. This makes glucose more reactive by lowering its activation energy.
  3. This causes it to split into triose phosphate molecules
  4. These 2 triose phosphate molecules are then converted into pyruvate, as the TP is oxidised and NAD is reduced to NADH and 2 ATP are made via substrate level phosphorylation. 2xATP and 1 NADH are made per triose phosphate
• What are the products of Glycolosis?

  1. Net gain of 2 ATP
  2. 2 NADH
  3. 2 Pyruvate
• Anaerobic respiration in animals


  Pyruvate is reduced using NADH to form lactate
• Anaerobic respiration in plants


  Pyruvate is decarboxylated to form ethanal. This is then reduced to form ethanol.
• Lipids in respiration


  Lipids are broken into glycerol and fatty acids

  Glycerol enters during Glycolosis

  Fatty acid enters as Acetyl CoA
• Proteins in respiration


  Proteins enter at different stages of respiration depending on their R group