Thermal transfer

• What is thermal energy?


  Thermal energy is the internal energy of a substance due to the motion of its particles.
• How is thermal energy related to temperature?


  The faster the particles move, the higher the thermal energy and temperature.
• In what unit is thermal energy measured?


  Thermal energy is measured in joules (J).
• What happens to particles when thermal energy increases?


  They move faster.
• What are the three methods of heat transfer?

  1. **Conduction**: Heat transfer through direct contact between particles.
  2. **Convection**: Heat transfer by the movement of fluids or gases.
  3. **Radiation**: Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves.
• What is an example of conduction?


  Heat travelling through a metal spoon in hot tea.
• What is an example of convection?


  Hot air rising in a room.