Nucleotides and Nucleic acid

• Name the 4 bases found in DNA?

  Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine
• Which other base is only found in RNA?

  Uracil
• which bases form pairs?

  Adenine and Thymine, Guanine and Cytosine
• What is the structure of a nucleotide?


  pentose sugar, Nitrogenous base, phosphate group
• what are the differences and similarities between DNA and RNA?

  DNA codes for proteins whereas RNA aids protein synthesis.

  DNA‘s pentose sugar is deoxyribose whereas RNA is ribose.

  DNA nitrogenous base‘s are A,C,T,G whereas RNA is A,C,G,U.

  Both has one phosphate group.

  DNA has 2 chains whereas RNA has one.
• what is a purine?


  contains 2 carbon rings that are joined together (A+G)
• what is a pyrimidine?


  only has one carbon nitrogen ring (Cytosine and Thymine)
• What is ADP? And what does it contain?


  Adenosine diphosphate

  Contains adenine, ribose and 2 phosphate groups
• What is ATP? And what does it contain?


  Adenosine triphosphate

  contains adenine, ribose and 3 phosphates
• What does ATP provide energy for?


  chemical reactions ( active transport, muscle contraction, protein synthesis, cell division …)
• what is the bond that forms between ADP and Pi to form ATP?


  phosphate bond