leading questions

• why do leading questions have an affect on EWT? 


  information received after an event can cause retroactive interference
• aim of Loftus and Palmers first experiment? 


  to investigate how changing a verb would affect recall of a road traffic accident
• explain the procedure of Loftus and Palmers first experiment? 


  45 participants watched films of varying length of a traffic accident. after each film participants were given a questionnaire. there was a critical question about the speed with a varying verbs; hit, smashed, collided, bumped and contacted
• findings of Loftus and Palmers first experiment? 


  smashed= 40.5 mph

  contacted= 31.8

  the more aggressive verb caused a higher mean estimate
• conclusion of Loftus and Palmers first experiment? 


  leading questions have an impact on recall
• what was the aim of Loftus and Palmers second experiment? 


  to investigate how different verbs affected recall of seeing broken glass
• procedure of Loftus and Palmers second experiment? 


  150 participants watched a film of a traffic accident. there were 3 groups- one was asked at what speed the cars smashed, one was asked with the word hit and the other didn’t have a question about speed. a week later they were asked if they saw broken glass
• findings of Loftus and Palmers second experiment? 


  smashed= 16 saw broken glass

  hit= 7

  control= 6

  the use of a more aggressive verb made people believe they saw broken glass
• conclusions of Loftus and Palmers second experiment?

  critical words influence a persons response, a persons schema for the word influences their memory, memory alters so people actually believe the changes