Cold War

• What was the Berlin Wall constructed to separate?

  East and West Berlin
• Why was the Berlin Wall constructed in 1961?

  It was a result of rising tensions during the Cold War.
• What was the impact of the Berlin Wall on East Germans?

  It prevented them from fleeing to West Germany, resulting in deaths.
• When did the Berlin Wall fall?

  1989
• What did the fall of the Berlin Wall symbolize?

  The end of the Cold War and German reunification.
• What was the Cold War characterized by?

  A nuclear arms race and proxy wars.
• When did the Cold War take place?

  From 1945 until the early 1990s.
• What were the two ideologies in conflict during the Cold War?

  Capitalism and communism.
• What were key U.S. policies during the Cold War?

  The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan.
• What event brought the world close to nuclear war in 1962?

  The Cuban Missile Crisis.
• What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?

  A 13-day standoff over Soviet missiles in Cuba.
• What triggered the Cuban Missile Crisis?

  The discovery of Soviet missile sites in Cuba.
• How did the U.S. respond to the Cuban Missile Crisis?

  By imposing a naval blockade on Cuba.
• How was the Cuban Missile Crisis resolved?

  Through secret negotiations involving missile removal from Turkey and Cuba.
• What does détente refer to?

  Improved relations between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.
• What characterized the period of détente?

  A reduction in tensions and increased diplomacy.
• What were key events during détente?

  The signing of SALT agreements and the Helsinki Accords.
• When did détente end?

  In the late 1970s due to renewed tensions.
• What does the term 'Iron Curtain' refer to?

  The division between Communist and non-Communist countries in Europe.
• Who coined the term 'Iron Curtain'?

  Winston Churchill in 1946.
• What did the Iron Curtain symbolize?

  The growing tension between the U.S. and the Soviet Union.
• What is McCarthyism?

  Accusations of subversion without proper evidence during the Cold War.
• Who was McCarthyism named after?

  Senator Joseph McCarthy.
• What were the consequences of McCarthyism?

  Many individuals were blacklisted and faced career ruin.
• How did McCarthyism affect American society?

  It caused intense self-censorship and paranoia.
• When did the era of McCarthyism end?

  With McCarthy's censure in 1954.
• What is NATO?

  An intergovernmental military alliance formed in 1949.
• Why was NATO established?

  In response to the threat of Soviet aggression during the Cold War.
• Who were the founding members of NATO?

  The United States, Canada, and several European countries.
• What principle does NATO operate under?

  Collective defense, where an attack on one is an attack on all.
• How has NATO changed since its formation?

  It has expanded its membership.
• What was the Vietnam War?

  A conflict between North Vietnam and South Vietnam from 1955 to 1975.
• What event escalated U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War?

  The Gulf of Tonkin Incident in 1964.
• Who were the Viet Cong?

  A communist guerrilla force in the Vietnam War.
• What were the casualty estimates of the Vietnam War?

  Over 1.3 million Vietnamese deaths and approximately 58,000 American deaths.
• What ended direct U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War?

  The 1973 Paris Peace Accords.
• What happened in 1975 regarding Vietnam?

  North Vietnam captured Saigon, reuniting Vietnam under communist rule.
• What was the Warsaw Pact?

  A military alliance formed by the Soviet Union and its satellite states in 1955.
• Why was the Warsaw Pact created?

  In response to the formation of NATO.
• Which countries were members of the Warsaw Pact?

  The Soviet Union, Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania.