mains electricity

• What is the purpose of a transformer in a power station?

  To step up or step down voltage
• Why is high voltage transmission used in power lines?

  To minimize energy loss during transmission
• What is the mains supply voltage in the UK?

  230V
• What type of current is supplied by the mains?

  Alternating current (AC)
• What is the frequency of the mains supply in the UK?

  50Hz
• What does an oscilloscope display?

  Voltage changes over time
• How does alternating current (AC) differ from direct current (DC)?

  AC current changes direction, while DC flows in one direction
• What color is the live wire in electrical wiring?

  Brown
• What is the function of the earth wire?

  To provide a safe path for current to the ground
• What color is the neutral wire?

  Blue
• What happens during a surge in current?

  It can cause fires or electric shocks
• What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit?

  To break the circuit when the current gets too high
• How does a circuit breaker function?

  It trips to turn off the circuit during a surge and can be reset
• What is the purpose of earthing in electrical systems?

  To provide an alternative path for current to prevent electric shock
• What does double insulation in appliances mean?

  Appliances are covered in plastic to prevent exposure to metal parts
• What are the safety precautions in electrical systems?

  • Fuses break the circuit when current is too high
  • Circuit breakers trip during surges and can be reset
  • Earthing provides an alternative path for current
  • Double insulation prevents exposure to metal parts
• What are the differences between fuses and circuit breakers?

  Fuses:

  • Break the circuit permanently
  • Simple and cheap
  • Must be replaced after use

  
  

  Circuit Breakers:

  • Can be reset
  • More expensive
  • Break the circuit during surges
• What are the components of a typical electrical circuit?

  • Live wire (Brown): Provides alternating potential difference
  • Neutral wire (Blue): Carries current away
  • Earth wire (Green/Yellow): Provides safety path
• What are the characteristics of alternating current (AC)?

  • Current changes direction
  • Mains supply is 50Hz and 230V
  • Oscilloscopes display voltage changes over time
• What are the risks associated with electrical appliances?

  • Sudden current surges can cause fires
  • Faulty circuits can lead to electric shocks
  • Proper safety measures are essential to prevent accidents