Cold War

• Where did USA and the USSR meet in February 1945?

  Yalta
• Who were the big 3 at Yalt?

  Stalin Roosevelt and Churchill
• What did the USA and USSR agree to do with Germany at the Yalta conference?


  Divide germany in 4 zones, as well as berlin
• Who were the big three at Potsdam?

  Stalin, Truman and Atlee
• What disagreements were there between the USA and USSR at Potsdam?

  Stalin did not want Eastern European countries to have free elections, the USA refused to tell the USSR about its nuclear weapon technology
• Who gave the 'Iron Curtain' speech in 1946?

  Churchill
• What did the USSR do to force Eastern European countries to become communist?


  Kept the Red Army in Eastern European countries, banned other political parties, arrested opponents
• What was the Truman Doctrine?

  Truman made a speech saying the USA would'contain' communism. This was a reaction to the civil war in Greece where communists were trying to take over
• What did Stalin set up in response to the Truman Doctrine

  Cominform
• What was the Marshall Plan


  Money given to Europe by the USA to help rebuild after WW2
• How much money did the USA give the Europe through the Marshal Plan?

  $13 billion
• What did Stalin set up as a reaction to the Marshall Plan?

  Comecon
• Why did Stalin blockade Berlin in 1948?

  He was reacting to the USA, UK, and France joining their zones of Germany and creating a new currency.
• What did the USA do to counter Stalin's blockade of Berlin?

  They initiated the Berlin Airlift, flying all supplies into Berlin.
• How long did the Berlin Blockade last?

  318 days
• How often was a plane landing in Berlin during the airlift?

  Every 3 minutes
• What two things did the USA create after the Berlin Blockade?

  West Germany and NATO
• What was NATO?


  A military alliance of the USA and Western Europe North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
• What was the Warsaw Pact?


  A military alliance set up by the UUSR in 1956
• What was the arms race?


  A competition to see who could build the most and most powerful nuclear weapons
• What was the space race?


  A competition to see who could develop the best space technology
• Where did the USA and USSR meet in July 1945?

  Potsdam
• What did Stalin think of the Marshal plan?


  He thought the USA was bribing countries to be capitalist- Stalin banned Eastern European countries from takiHe thought the USA was bribing countries to be capitalist- Stalin banned Eastern European countries from taking the money
• What did they disagree on at Yalta?


  They disputed over Poland, Stalin wanted a 'sphere of influence', USA wanted free elections in eastern european countries
• What was the flaw at Yalta?


  They only listened to what they wanted to hear and their ideas were often not compatable
• What did all 3 countries at Yalta agree to join?

  United Nations
• What did they agree on in Potsdam?


  USSR gained some of Polands land and Poland gained some of Germany's land, Nazi party was banned and known Nazi's imprisoned
• What was the reason things didn't go well in Potsdam?

  Personality clash between Stalin and Truman, Truman was fiercley and publicaly anti-communist, neither side was prepared to negociate
• What did Stalin do in Poland that angered the USA and UK


  He set up a communist government without free elections (unlike what was agreed in Yalta)
• What is a coalition government?


  A coalition government is a government formed by multiple political parties who agree to work together and share power.
• What country formed a non communist and communist Coalition Government in 1946?

  Czechoslovakia
• Who set up Czechoslovakias Coalition Government?

  Benes
• What did Gottwald and the Soviets do in Czechoslovakia?


  Ensured they controlled the radio, army and police, set up a secret police force who arrested non-communists
• By what year has Gottwald taken over the government?


  1948
• Who won the 1945 elections in hungary?


  Zoltan Tildy (non communist)
• What did the Soviets and Rakosi do after Zoltan Tildy won?


  They took control of the secret police force (AVO) and executed and arrested Rakosi's opponents
• What year did Rakosis have complete control over Hungary?


  1948
• What did Stalin promise to set up in Poland at Yalta?


  Set up a communist/ non-communist government
• Who did Stalin invite to Moscow to arrest?

  16 non-communist leaders
• Who won the 1947 elections in Poland?


  Communists