AnaPhy 2

• What is the focus of the study of anatomy?

  The science of body structures and their relationships
• What does physiology study?

  The functions of body parts and how they work
• What are the two branches of science that form the foundation for understanding the human body?

  • Anatomy
  • Physiology
• What is embryology the study of?

  The first eight weeks of development after fertilization
• What does developmental biology encompass?

  The complete development of an individual from fertilization to death
• What is histology?

  The microscopic structure of tissues
• What is gross anatomy?

  Structures that can be examined without a microscope
• What does systemic anatomy focus on?

  The structure of specific systems of the body
• What is regional anatomy concerned with?

  Specific regions of the body
• What does surface anatomy involve?

  Surface markings of the body to understand internal anatomy
• What is imaging anatomy?

  Internal body structures visualized with techniques like x-rays
• What does pathological anatomy study?

  Structural changes associated with disease
• What is molecular physiology?

  The functions of individual molecules such as proteins
• What does neurophysiology focus on?

  The functional properties of nerve cells
• What is endocrinology the study of?

  Hormones and how they control body functions
• What does cardiovascular physiology examine?

  The functions of the heart and blood vessels
• What is immunology concerned with?

  The body’s defenses against disease-causing agents
• What does respiratory physiology study?

  The functions of the air passageways and lungs
• What is renal physiology focused on?

  The functions of the kidneys
• What does exercise physiology examine?

  Changes in cell and organ functions due to muscular activity
• What is pathophysiology?

  Functional changes associated with disease and aging
• What are the levels of structural organization in the human body?

  1. Chemical
  2. Cellular
  3. Tissue
  4. Organ
  5. System
  6. Organismal
• What is the chemical level in the human body?

  The basic level including atoms and molecules
• What are atoms?

  The smallest units of matter that participate in chemical reactions
• Which atoms are essential for maintaining life?

  Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Calcium, Sulfur
• What are molecules?

  Two or more atoms joined together
• What is DNA?

  The genetic material passed from one generation to the next
• What is glucose known as?

  Blood sugar
• What is the cellular level in the human body?

  Molecules combine to form cells
• What are cells?

  The basic structural and functional units of an organism
• What are the three types of cells?

  Muscle cells, Nerve cells, Epithelial cells
• What is the tissue level in the human body?

  Groups of cells and the materials surrounding them that work together
• What are the four types of tissues in the human body?

  1. Epithelial tissue
  2. Connective tissue
  3. Muscular tissue
  4. Nervous tissue
• What does epithelial tissue do?

  Covers body surfaces, lines hollow organs, and forms glands
• What is the function of connective tissue?

  Connects, supports, and protects body organs
• What does muscular tissue do?

  Contracts to make body parts move and generates heat
• What is the function of nervous tissue?


  Carries information from one part of the body to another
• What is the organ level in the human body?

  Structures composed of two or more different types of tissues
• What are organs?

  Structures with specific functions and recognizable shapes
• Can you name some examples of organs?

  Stomach, skin, bones, heart, liver, lungs, brain