Coping with the Challenges of Intercultural Communication

• According to studies, what are the reasons for misunderstanding?

  Speech perturbations

  Poorly managed turn-taking

  Non-aligned parallel talk
• Speech Perturbation


  any deviation or distortion from a typical or expected speech pattern
• Speech Perturbation


  it can involve changes in pitch, volume, rate, rhythm, or articulation
• Turn-taking


  a fundamental aspect of conversation where participants take turns speaking
• Non-aligned parallel talk


  two or more people are speaking at the same time, but their conversations are independent and not directly related to each other
• Ambiguity


  lack of explicitness on the part of the speaker in the form of problematic reference and ambiguous semantics in which an utterance is open to different interpretations
• Performance-related misunderstanding


  slips of the tongue and mishearing which may be due to utterances spoken quickly and unclearly
• Language-related misunderstanding


  ungrammatically of sentences
• Gaps in world knowledge


  gaps in content rather than language
• Local context


  turns and the turns within sequences produced by the participants themselves, and the orientation of the participants as well as the repair moves that follow the displayed understanding