Dorothea Orem (Self Care Deficit Theory)

• Who developed the Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing?

  Dorothea Orem
• In what year was Dorothea Orem born?

  1914
• What was Orem's father's occupation?

  Construction worker
• What degree did Orem earn in 1935?

  BSN from Catholic University of America
• What year did Orem receive her Doctor of Science degree?

  1976
• What role did Orem hold at the Catholic University of America in 1959?

  Dean of the School of Nursing
• What is the title of Orem's published work in 1971?

  Nursing: Concepts of Practice
• What are the main components of Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory of Nursing?

  1. Theory of Self-Care
  2. Theory of Self-Care Deficit
  3. Theory of Nursing Systems
• What does self-care agency refer to in Orem's model?

  Human's ability to engage in self-care
• What are basic conditioning factors according to Orem?

  Factors affecting self-care agency such as age, gender, and health state
• What is the definition of nursing agency in Orem's model?

  Complex property of educated nurses enabling them to help others
• What does Orem believe about individuals' potential?

  Individuals have the potential for learning and developing
• What are the four realms encompassed in Orem's concept of environment?

  1. Physical
  2. Chemical
  3. Biological
  4. Socioeconomic
• How does Orem define health?

  A state of physical, mental, and social well-being
• What is the focus of nursing according to Orem?

  Evaluating and addressing a patient's health deficit
• What is the goal of nursing actions in Orem's model?

  To promote client independence
• What are the three components of the Theory of Self-Care?

  1. Universal self-care needs
  2. Developmental self-care needs
  3. Health deviation
• What are universal self-care requisites according to Orem?

  Goals necessary for healthy living applicable to all individuals
• What is one of the universal self-care requisites related to air?

  The maintenance of a sufficient intake of air
• What does Orem identify as a requirement for food intake?

  Food intake must be adequate and nutritious
• What is a developmental self-care requisite?

  Engaging in self-development and promoting personal growth
• What is the significance of the Theory of Self-Care in nursing?

  It emphasizes the need for self-care actions to maintain health and well-being
• What are the characteristics of self-care actions?

  • Deliberate
  • Have a pattern and sequence
  • Developed from day-to-day living
• What is the role of basic conditioning factors in self-care agency?

  They affect an individual's ability to engage in self-care
• What is the age of the individual in the data collection example?

  56 years old
• What does the term "self-care requisites" refer to?


  The reasons for which self-care is undertaken
• What is the importance of the environment in Orem's model?

  It encompasses factors that affect health and self-care
• How does Orem view the relationship between health and social groups?

  Health promotes function and development within social groups
• What does Orem state about the inseparability of health aspects?

  The physical, psychological, interpersonal, and social aspects of health are inseparable
• What is the role of nursing in relation to self-care deficits?

  Nursing plans and implements care based on self-care deficits
• What is the significance of the supportive and coordinated care in nursing?

  It helps clients establish ways to perform self-care activities
• What does Orem believe about the focus of nursing as a human service?

  Nursing focuses on persons with inabilities to maintain health care
• How does Orem's model relate to values in nursing?

  Nursing is based on values
• What are the components of universal self-care requisites identified by Orem?

  1. Sufficient intake of air
  2. Sufficient intake of water
  3. Sufficient intake of food
  4. Care associated with elimination
  5. Balance between activity and rest
  6. Balance between solitude and social interaction
  7. Prevention of hazards
  8. Promotion of human functioning and development
• What does Orem's model suggest about the relationship between self-care and health?

  Self-care actions are essential for maintaining health and well-being
• What is the role of the nurse when a client is highly dependent?

  The nurse needs to assist and address the client's needs
• What is the significance of the Theory of Self-Care in nursing practice?

  It provides a framework for understanding patient self-care needs
• How does Orem's model address the needs of individuals with disabilities?

  It emphasizes the importance of self-care and support
• What is the importance of the family system in Orem's model?

  It influences an individual's ability to engage in self-care
• What does Orem's model suggest about the role of education in self-care?

  Education enhances an individual's self-care agency