Reducing effects of natural hazards

• What are the three P's discussed in relation to natural disasters?

  Planning, prediction, and protection
• What is the most effective measure for protecting lives from volcanic eruptions?

  Prediction
• What is the second most important measure for volcanic eruptions?

  Planning
• What should an evacuation plan include for volcanic eruptions?

  A predetermined safe route and meeting point
• What items might be included in an emergency kit for volcanic eruptions?

  Food, water, a wind-up radio, and a torch
• What is the main limitation of protection measures against volcanic eruptions?

  There is little that can be done to save lives once an eruption occurs
• What type of tiles have been trialed to protect against lava flow?

  Heat-resistant tiles
• What is a key component of earthquake preparedness?

  Participating in earthquake drills
• What should an emergency kit for earthquakes contain?

  Food, water, and other essential supplies
• What structural feature helps buildings withstand earthquakes?

  Cross structures made of reinforced steel
• What is the purpose of shock absorbers in buildings?

  To provide flexibility during seismic waves
• What is the role of shatter-proof glass in earthquake-resistant buildings?

  To prevent glass from falling and injuring people
• What is the least effective measure for earthquakes?

  Prediction
• What can historical records indicate about earthquakes?

  They can show where earthquakes have previously occurred
• What are foreshocks?

  Small earthquakes that occur before a larger earthquake
• What are tropical storms also known as?

  Hurricanes or typhoons
• What did the city of Tacloban do during Typhoon Haiyan?

  They stockpiled emergency food and water
• What is a key protective measure against hurricanes?

  Installing hurricane storm shutters
• How do meteorologists predict tropical storms?

  Using satellite images and computer models
• What is the accuracy of tropical storm predictions beyond a few days?

  They become much less accurate
• What are the three P's for managing natural disasters?

  • Planning
  • Prediction
  • Protection
• What are the key components of an effective evacuation plan for volcanic eruptions?

  • Predetermined safe route
  • Meeting point
  • Emergency kit with essentials
• What are the main protective measures for tropical storms?

  • Hurricane storm shutters
  • Tying down loose objects
  • Implementing sea defenses in low-lying areas