Science

• What should apparatus always be drawn with?

  Pencil using a ruler
• What are some common laboratory apparatus used in experiments?

  • Filter funnel
  • Measuring cylinder
  • Evaporating dish
  • Stirring rod
  • Tripod
  • Bunsen burner
  • Conical flask
  • Test tube
  • Beaker
• What is the purpose of the Bunsen burner with the air hole closed?

  To create a safety flame that is orange and quiet
• What happens when the air hole of the Bunsen burner is open?

  It produces a hotter blue flame with a roaring sound
• What are the safety precautions when using a Bunsen burner?

  1. Never turn on the gas tap until you have a flame ready.
  2. Tie long hair back.
  3. Wear safety glasses.
  4. Never blow the flame out; always turn off the gas.
• What is a microscope used for?

  To magnify very tiny objects
• What are the main parts of a microscope?

  • Tube
  • Body
  • Rotating turret
  • Objective lens
  • Stage
  • Diaphragm
  • Clip
  • Filter wheel
  • Mirror
  • Base
• What is the process of separating mixtures?

  1. Filtering
  2. Evaporating
• What is the residue in the filtration process?

  The solid that collects in the filter paper
• What is the filtrate in the filtration process?

  The liquid that comes through the filter paper
• Why are hazard symbols important?

  • They are obvious and quick to interpret.
  • They help people who cannot read understand dangers.
• What are the types of variables in experiments?

  • Controlled Variable
  • Independent Variable
  • Dependent Variable
• What is the purpose of controlled variables in an experiment?

  To ensure a fair test
• What are some examples of hazard symbols?

  • Flammable
  • Oxidising
  • Toxic
  • Corrosive
  • Explosive
  • Health Hazard
• What are the units and instruments used for various measurements?

  • Distance: metres (m) - Metre stick/tape measure
  • Volume: cubic centimetres (cm³) or millilitres (ml) - Measuring cylinder
  • Mass: kilograms (kg) - Electronic balance
  • Time: seconds (s) - Stop clock
  • Temperature: degrees Celsius (°C) - Thermometer
• What does the term "flammable" mean?

  Will catch fire readily
• What does "oxidising" refer to in terms of hazard?

  Contains extra oxygen and may catch fire spontaneously
• What does "toxic" mean?

  Poisonous and may cause death if swallowed, inhaled, or touched
• What does "corrosive" mean?

  Can eat through solid materials
• What does "health hazard" indicate?

  May harm living things
• What does "soluble" mean?

  A substance that can be dissolved in a certain liquid
• What does "insoluble" mean?

  A substance that cannot be dissolved in a certain liquid
• What is a solute?

  The solid that dissolves
• What is a solvent?

  The liquid into which a substance can dissolve
• What does "saturated" mean in a solution?

  The maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a liquid
• What is the definition of "residue" in the context of filtration?

  The solid which collects in the filter paper
• What is the definition of "filtrate" in the context of filtration?

  The liquid which comes through the filter paper
• What is the difference between soluble and insoluble substances?

  Soluble substances can dissolve, while insoluble substances cannot
• How does one determine if a substance is saturated?

  By checking if the maximum amount of solute has dissolved in the liquid