genetic engineering

• What is the definition of genetic engineering?


  Genetic engineering is the deliberate modification of an organism's genetic material to change its characteristics.
• What does manipulating genes in genetic engineering involve?


  It involves adding, removing, or altering specific genes.
• What is recombinant DNA technology?


  Recombinant DNA technology is the process of combining DNA from different sources.
• How does genetic engineering achieve precision?


  By targeting specific traits or functions in an organism.
• Give an example of genetic engineering in plants.


  Inserting a gene for frost resistance from a cold-water fish into a tomato plant.
• What are the basic techniques used in genetic engineering?


  Gene isolation, gene insertion, and gene expression.
• What is gene isolation in genetic engineering?


  It is the process of identifying and extracting the desired gene.
• What does gene insertion involve?


  Introducing the gene into the target organism's DNA.
• What is gene expression in genetic engineering?


  Ensuring the new gene functions in the host organism.
• What are restriction enzymes used for in genetic engineering?


  They act like "genetic scissors" to cut DNA at specific points.
• What are vectors in genetic engineering?


  Vectors are vehicles used to carry new genes into cells.
• What is CRISPR-Cas9?


  CRISPR-Cas9 is a precise method for editing genes.
• How do scientists produce insulin using genetic engineering?


  By isolating the human insulin gene, inserting it into bacteria using a plasmid vector, and allowing the bacteria to produce insulin.
• What are some applications of genetic engineering in medicine?


  Producing insulin for diabetics and developing gene therapies for genetic disorders.
• How is genetic engineering applied in agriculture?


  By creating crops resistant to pests or drought and enhancing nutritional content of foods.
• What is an example of genetic engineering in environmental conservation?


  Developing bacteria to clean up oil spills.
• How is genetic engineering used in industry?


  By producing enzymes for detergents or food processing and developing biofuels.
• What is "Golden Rice" an example of?


  It is genetically engineered to produce beta-carotene to address Vitamin A deficiency.
• What are some ethical concerns related to genetic engineering?


  Safety concerns, ethical dilemmas, socioeconomic issues, and regulatory challenges.
• What are safety concerns in genetic engineering?


  Potential unintended consequences on ecosystems and long-term effects on human health.
• What socioeconomic issues arise from genetic engineering?


  Access and affordability of genetically engineered products and potential monopolization by large corporations.
• What ethical dilemmas are associated with genetic engineering?


  Concerns about "playing God" by altering nature and the potential for creating "designer babies."
• What is the impact of genetic engineering on small-scale farmers?


  Small-scale farmers may struggle to afford genetically engineered seeds, leading to socioeconomic issues.
• What are the relevant ethical concerns when developing a genetically modified crop resistant to a pesticide?


  Concerns include long-term safety of consuming the GM crop, impact on small-scale farmers, and potential unintended effects on ecosystems.
• What is a common debate surrounding genetically modified (GM) foods?


  Concerns about safety, environmental impact, and corporate control of the food supply.
• What regulatory challenges does genetic engineering face?


  Keeping pace with rapidly advancing technology and balancing innovation with safety.
• How does genetic engineering challenge traditional views of nature?


  It raises questions about "playing God" and altering natural organisms.