Transformers

• What is the primary function of a transformer?

  To change the potential difference of an alternating current
• What are the two main components of a transformer?

  Two wires wrapped around an iron core
• How are the primary and secondary coils of a transformer connected?

  They are not electronically connected but share the iron core
• What happens to the potential difference when the number of loops in the coils is changed?

  The potential difference can be changed
• What type of current do transformers only work with?

  Alternating current (AC)
• What is a step-up transformer used for?

  To increase the potential difference of an alternating current
• How does a step-up transformer achieve a higher potential difference?

  It has more turns on the secondary coil
• What is the effect of a step-up transformer on current?

  It decreases the current
• What does a step-down transformer do?

  It decreases the potential difference of an alternating current
• How does a step-down transformer affect current?

  It increases the current
• What design feature helps reduce energy losses in transformers?

  The core of the transformer is insulated
• Why is a soft iron core used in transformers?

  It carries magnetic fields without heating up much
• What type of wires are used in transformers to minimize energy loss?

  Low resistance wires
• How does transformer design improve the efficiency of the National Grid?

  • Insulated core reduces energy losses
  • Soft iron core carries magnetic fields efficiently
  • Low resistance wires minimize heat loss
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  To help students prepare for their exams
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  Interactive quizzes, easy-to-follow videos, and AI tutor support
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  To get students top results in their exams
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  Whole specification for GCSE Physics
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  To check it out for yourself
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  To provide a selection of content from the full GCSE Physics course