Pre Normans

• What significant event occurred in 1066?

  The Battle of Hastings
• What was the relationship between different groups in England during the Anglo-Saxon period?

  There was vast diversity and often conflict among different groups.
• Where did the Anglo-Saxons originally come from?

  Germany, specifically from a region called Saxony.
• What was the political structure of England like during the Anglo-Saxon period?

  It was made up of many small kingdoms.
• When did England become a single country?

  In 954 A.D.
• By the year 1000 A.D., how did the Anglo-Saxon kings control England?

  They had strong central control and an effective government.
• How was land organized in Anglo-Saxon England?

  It was divided into shires.
• What was a 'burr' in Anglo-Saxon England?

  A fortified town that encouraged trade.
• What were the main social classes in Anglo-Saxon England?

  • Thralls (slaves)
  • Ceorls (freemen)
  • Thanes (local powerful people)
  • Earls (chief advisers)
  • King (top authority)
• Who was the last Anglo-Saxon king?

  Edward the Confessor
• What was the 'fyrd' in Anglo-Saxon England?

  The Anglo-Saxon term for the army gathered by the earls.
• Who was the most famous earl during the Anglo-Saxon period?

  Harold Godwinson
• What rights did women have in Anglo-Saxon society?

  They could own land and had the right to leave their husbands.
• What is the historical debate regarding Anglo-Saxon England?

  • Was it a golden age?
  • Some historians argue it was a time of glory.
  • Others believe it was more complicated and not a golden age.
• What is the main topic of the video series mentioned?

  The Norman Conquest
• How can we assess the strength of the Anglo-Saxon church?

  By examining the artifacts they left behind
• What does the Gospel book of Countess Judith depict?

  A depiction of Christ
• What does the Gospel book tell us about Anglo-Saxon religion?

  It shows how important religion was to the Anglo-Saxons
• What was unique about the Anglo-Saxon church compared to the rest of Europe?

  It used the English language in parts of its services
• What was forbidden by the Pope regarding the English church?

  The use of the English language in religious services
• What were some of the beliefs held by the Anglo-Saxons alongside Christianity?

  Beliefs in elves, goblins, witches, and magic
• Who was Saint Dunstan?

  The Archbishop of Canterbury in 960 A.D.
• What did Saint Dunstan seek to improve in the church?

  He wanted to end corruption and improve education for monks and nuns
• What was one of Saint Dunstan's contributions to the church?

  He rebuilt churches, abbeys, and monasteries
• How did worship differ in the Anglo-Saxon church compared to today?

  There were not as many permanent church buildings
• What distinguished the Anglo-Saxon church in terms of saints?

  There were hundreds of local English saints created by the English
• What was the last Anglo-Saxon king's name?

  Edward the Confessor
• Why did Edward the Confessor want to strengthen the church?

  He had strong religious beliefs influenced by the Normans
• Who was Stigand and how did he differ from Dunstan?

  Stigand was the last archbishop and was not particularly religious
• What was Stigand accused of by the Pope?

  He was accused of corruption and ignoring the Pope's requests
• What was a significant issue with Stigand's leadership?

  He sold church jobs for money and allowed poorly educated priests to marry
• What are the key features of the Anglo-Saxon church?

  • Blend of European Catholicism and Celtic ideas
  • Use of the English language in services
  • Beliefs in both Christianity and paganism
  • Hundreds of local saints recognized
  • Unique worship practices with fewer permanent buildings
• What were the strengths and weaknesses of the Anglo-Saxon church?

  Strengths:

  • Strong religious figures like Saint Dunstan
  • Efforts to improve education and reduce corruption

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Corruption under leaders like Stigand
  • Blending of pagan beliefs with Christianity
  • Lack of permanent church buildings
• What is the focus of the third video in the series about the Norman Conquest?

  Anglo-Saxon culture
• What does the term 'culture' refer to in the context of Anglo-Saxon society?

  Ideas, customs, social behavior, and traditions of a particular people
• What is the Alpha Jewel used for?

  To read the Bible or prayers
• What materials were used to create the Alpha Jewel?

  Gold and precious stones
• What does the Alpha Jewel reveal about Anglo-Saxon craftsmanship?

  They were skilled craftspeople who created beautiful objects
• What is depicted in the center of the Fuller Brooch?

  A religious figure, possibly an angel
• How does the Fuller Brooch reflect Anglo-Saxon culture?

  It shows intricate craftsmanship and religious influences