B2- Enzyme and digestion

• What substances are produced by cells for digestion?

  Substances used in digestion are produced by cells and released into the gut.
• What is the role of enzymes in digestion?

  • Enzymes are proteins that break down large molecules.
  • They convert big molecules into smaller ones that can be absorbed.
• What are the smaller molecules produced by enzymes that can pass through the digestive system walls?

  Fatty acids and other smaller molecules.
• What is an example of a carbohydrate enzyme?

  Amylase.
• What does amylase break down?

  Amylase breaks down starch into maltose and other sugars.
• Where is amylase produced?

  • Salivary glands
  • Pancreas
  • Small intestine
• What do proteases convert proteins into?

  Amino acids.
• Where are proteases produced?

  • Stomach (as pepsin)
  • Pancreas
  • Small intestine
• What do lipases convert lipids into?

  Glycerol and fatty acids.
• Where are lipases produced?

  • Pancreas
  • Small intestine
• How does the body utilize the products of digestion?

  • Used to make new carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
  • Some glucose is used in respiration.
• What is the function of bile in digestion?

  Bile neutralizes stomach acid and emulsifies fats.
• Where is bile produced and stored?

  Bile is produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder.
• Why is bile alkaline?

  Bile is alkaline to neutralize the acidic pH from the stomach.
• How does bile aid in fat digestion?

  Bile emulsifies fats, breaking them into tiny droplets for easier digestion by lipase.
• What are the benefits of emulsifying fats in digestion?

  • Increases surface area of fats.
  • Allows lipase to work more efficiently.
  • Speeds up fat digestion.