Growth of America

• What time period is the Growth of America?

  1789 to 1838
• How many original states were there in the United States?

  13 states
• Name three of the original 13 states of the United States.

  • Connecticut
  • Delaware
  • Georgia
• Where were the original 13 states located?

  In the eastern region of what is now the USA
• What were the names of the territories north and south of the River Ohio?

  Northwest Territory and Southwest Territory
• What type of government did the USA have in 1789?

  A Democratic Republic
• Who was allowed to vote in the USA during 1789?

  Only white property-owning men
• What document outlines the rules for how the USA should be run?

  The Constitution
• What was the impact of the USA's rapid growth on tensions in the country?

  It created tensions that would last for the rest of the century, particularly around slavery
• What was the first president of the United States?

  George Washington
• What was one of George Washington's significant expenditures during his presidency?

  80 percent of the government budget on campaigns against Native Americans
• What treaty allowed the USA to take part of the Northwest Territory?

  The Treaty of Greenville
• What was the Louisiana Purchase?

  The acquisition of 530 million acres of land from France in 1803
• Who were Meriwether Lewis and William Clark?


  Explorers tasked with exploring new lands
• What was the main goal of Lewis and Clark's expedition?

  To explore new lands and create trade routes
• What was the economic impact of cotton in the South by 1819?


  Cotton made up 42% of all U.S. exports
• How did slavery impact the economy in both the North and the South?

  Slavery was crucial for cotton production, which was vital for both regions' economies
• What were the reasons for the growth of slavery by 1820?

  Expansion of plantations, automatic slavery for children, and new land availability
• What were the tensions caused by the USA's expansion?

  • Tensions between white Americans and Native Americans
  • Tensions between white Northerners and white Southerners
  • Tensions between abolitionists and other white Americans
• What was the role of Congress in relation to territories?

  Territories were controlled directly by Congress
• What was the impact of the Deep South cotton plantations on slavery?

  They led to the establishment of thousands of slave plantations
• By 1789, which states were phasing out slavery?

  The seven northernmost states
• What was the economic significance of cotton in the South?

  Cotton was a key driver for the economy and slavery
• How did the attitudes towards slavery change from 1789 to 1820?

  Initially thought to be outdated, slavery continued to grow by 1820
• What was the role of banks in the expansion of plantations?

  Banks loaned money to plantation owners for expansion
• Who was president from 1801 to 1809?

  Thomas Jefferson
• What was the impact of the cotton economy on the Northern states?

  Northern factory owners relied on Southern cotton for production
• How did the expansion of slavery contribute to the tensions between the North and South?

  It created economic and moral conflicts between the two regions
• What were the key factors contributing to the expansion of slavery in the South?

  • Opening of new plantations in the Deep South
  • Automatic slavery for children of slaves
  • Availability of new cotton-growing land
  • High demand for cotton production
  • Financial support from banks
  • Influence of pro-slavery presidents
• What was a significant factor in the expansion of slavery in the Southern States of America?

  New plantations opened up due to expansion into states like Louisiana
• How did the children of slaves affect the institution of slavery?

  Children of slaves automatically became slaves themselves
• What new agricultural opportunity became available in the South after 1790?

  New cotton growing land
• By what year was the USA producing over a million bales of cotton a year?

  By 1838
• Why was slave labor necessary in the cotton industry during this period?

  To keep up with the high demand for cotton
• What role did banks play in the expansion of plantations?

  Banks loaned money to plantation owners to fund new plantations
• Which president was from the slave-holding South and supported slavery?

  Andrew Jackson
• What was the significance of Eli Whitney's invention in 1793?

  He invented the cotton gin, which increased cotton processing speed
• How much faster could the cotton gin process cotton compared to previous methods?

  About 50 times faster
• What was the impact of the Louisiana Purchase on the cotton industry?

  • Led to the creation of the "Cotton Kingdom"
  • Increased land available for cotton plantations
  • Contributed to tensions between North and South
• What percentage of all exports did cotton make up by 1820?

  42%