Memory

• Coding Capacity and Duration

  • Baddeley – Coding, STM acoustic, LTM semantic, list of words, similar, dissimilar
  • Miller – 7 +/- 2, digit span, chunking, STM capacity
  • Peterson and Peterson – trigram (3 consonants), STM duration, 18-30 seconds
  • Bahrick – LTM duration, yearbook, 17-74, graduated, names, potentially forever
• Types of LTM

  • Tulving – LTM, Brain Scans, Pre frontal cortex, Episodic right, Semantic left. 
  • Clive Wearing – amnesia, procedural memory intact, play piano, semantic intact, knew the meaning of the word music, episodic damaged, he forgot he had musical training. 
  • HM – amnesia, hippocampi removed, procedural memory intact – star drawing, episodic damaged – meetings, breakfast, semantic – name of new dr.  
• Models of Memory

  • H.M – STM intact – could rehearse a number, LTM damaged, could not make any new memories
  • K.F – digit span, verbal = 1, visual higher
  • Atkinson and Shiffrin - MSM
  • Baddeley and Hitch - WMM
  • Baddeley – dual task, two visual tasks together, F and Light, one visual and one verbal. 
• Forgetting

  • Godden and Baddeley – divers, word list, land, under water
  • Carter and Cassaday – antihistamine,  word list, on drug, off drug
  • Baddeley and Hitch – rugby players, team names, 3 weeks
  • Tulving and Psotka – word lists, new lists, recall dropped
• EWT

  • Loftus and Palmer – car crash, videos, verb, speed, 10mph faster, broken glass
  • Gabbert – video, crime scene, different angles, 71% incorrect post discussion
  • Yuille and Cutshal -  bank robbery, 5 months, yellow door panel, broken headlight, anxiety self reports
  • Loftus and Burns – bank robbery, violent vs non violent, boy shot in face, number on football jersey, 4% vs 28% 
  • Loftus et al – slides, taco restaurant, cheque vs gun, eye movements, identified person, 29% vs 11%
• Cognitive Interview

  • Fisher and Geiselman – created the cognitive interview
  • Kohnken – meta analysis, SI vs CI, 81% more correct info, 61% more incorrect info
  • Mello and Fisher – younger adults vs older adults using either SI and CI, all people recalled more with CI, helped more for older adults